King James Version

What Does Matthew 13:38 Mean?

Matthew 13:38 in the King James Version says “The field is the world; the good seed are the children of the kingdom; but the tares are the children of the wicked one; — study this verse from Matthew chapter 13 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

The field is the world; the good seed are the children of the kingdom; but the tares are the children of the wicked one;

Matthew 13:38 · KJV


Context

36

Then Jesus sent the multitude away, and went into the house: and his disciples came unto him, saying, Declare unto us the parable of the tares of the field.

37

He answered and said unto them, He that soweth the good seed is the Son of man;

38

The field is the world; the good seed are the children of the kingdom; but the tares are the children of the wicked one;

39

The enemy that sowed them is the devil; the harvest is the end of the world; and the reapers are the angels.

40

As therefore the tares are gathered and burned in the fire; so shall it be in the end of this world.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The field is the world (ὁ δὲ ἀγρός ἐστιν ὁ κόσμος, ho de agros estin ho kosmos)—not merely the church, but the entire created order where believers and unbelievers coexist. The good seed are the children of the kingdom (υἱοὶ τῆς βασιλείας, huioi tēs basileias)—those who belong to God's reign through new birth. The tares are the children of the wicked one (υἱοὶ τοῦ πονηροῦ, huioi tou ponērou)—literally 'sons of the evil one,' identifying spiritual parentage (John 8:44).

The distinction between wheat and tares (likely darnel, Lolium temulentum, which looks identical to wheat until maturity) illustrates the impossibility of perfect human discernment in distinguishing true from false professors. This warns against premature judgmental purging of the church, while also soberly acknowledging that counterfeit 'believers' exist alongside genuine ones.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

In first-century Palestinian agriculture, darnel was a common weed problem—its seeds were poisonous, and it was virtually indistinguishable from wheat in early growth stages. Separating them prematurely would uproot both. Roman law even prohibited sowing darnel in an enemy's field, showing this was a known form of agricultural sabotage.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does understanding the 'field' as the world (not the church) affect your expectations for spiritual purity in Christian communities?
  2. What are the dangers of premature 'tare removal'—both in church discipline and in personal judgment of others?
  3. How can you cultivate discernment between wheat and tares without falling into judgmental pride or paranoid suspicion?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 24 words
1 of 24
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

δὲ2 of 24

but

G1161

but, and, etc

ἀγρός3 of 24

The field

G68

a field (as a drive for cattle); genitive case, the country; specially, a farm, i.e., hamlet

ἐστιν4 of 24

is

G2076

he (she or it) is; also (with neuter plural) they are

5 of 24
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

κόσμος6 of 24

the world

G2889

orderly arrangement, i.e., decoration; by implication, the world (including its inhabitants, literally or figuratively (morally))

τὸ7 of 24
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

δὲ8 of 24

but

G1161

but, and, etc

καλὸν9 of 24

the good

G2570

properly, beautiful, but chiefly (figuratively) good (literally or morally), i.e., valuable or virtuous (for appearance or use, and thus distinguished

σπέρμα10 of 24

seed

G4690

something sown, i.e., seed (including the male "sperm"); by implication, offspring; specially, a remnant (figuratively, as if kept over for planting)

οὗτοί11 of 24

are

G3778

the he (she or it), i.e., this or that (often with article repeated)

εἰσιν12 of 24

are

G1526

they are

οἱ13 of 24
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

υἱοὶ14 of 24

the children

G5207

a "son" (sometimes of animals), used very widely of immediate, remote or figuratively, kinship

τῆς15 of 24
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

βασιλείας·16 of 24

of the kingdom

G932

properly, royalty, i.e., (abstractly) rule, or (concretely) a realm (literally or figuratively)

τὰ17 of 24
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

δὲ18 of 24

but

G1161

but, and, etc

ζιζάνιά19 of 24

the tares

G2215

darnel or false grain

εἰσιν20 of 24

are

G1526

they are

οἱ21 of 24
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

υἱοὶ22 of 24

the children

G5207

a "son" (sometimes of animals), used very widely of immediate, remote or figuratively, kinship

τοῦ23 of 24
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

πονηροῦ24 of 24

of the wicked

G4190

hurtful, i.e., evil (properly, in effect or influence, and thus differing from g2556, which refers rather to essential character, as well as from g455


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Matthew. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Matthew 13:38 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Matthew 13:38 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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