King James Version

What Does Lamentations 5:21 Mean?

Lamentations 5:21 in the King James Version says “Turn thou us unto thee, O LORD, and we shall be turned; renew our days as of old. — study this verse from Lamentations chapter 5 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Turn thou us unto thee, O LORD, and we shall be turned; renew our days as of old.

Lamentations 5:21 · KJV


Context

19

Thou, O LORD, remainest for ever; thy throne from generation to generation.

20

Wherefore dost thou forget us for ever, and forsake us so long time? so: Heb. for length of days?

21

Turn thou us unto thee, O LORD, and we shall be turned; renew our days as of old.

22

But thou hast utterly rejected us; thou art very wroth against us. But: or, For wilt thou utterly reject us?


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Turn thou us unto thee, O LORD, and we shall be turned (הֲשִׁיבֵנוּ יְהוָה אֵלֶיךָ וְנָשׁוּבָה, hashivenu YHWH elekha venashuvah)—The plea for God to 'turn us' before we can 'be turned' acknowledges human inability to repent apart from divine initiative. This is proto-Augustinian theology: conversion requires God's prevenient grace. The wordplay on 'shuv' (turn/return) emphasizes that repentance is both divine gift and human responsibility—a mystery. Renew our days as of old (חַדֵּשׁ יָמֵינוּ כְּקֶדֶם, chadesh yameinu keqedem)—'as of old' recalls wilderness wanderings after Exodus, or perhaps David/Solomon's golden age. The prayer is for restoration to former covenant relationship, not merely former prosperity.

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Historical & Cultural Context

This became a liturgical prayer in Judaism, recited when returning the Torah scroll to the ark after synagogue reading. It expresses perpetual Jewish longing for restoration to God. The theology of God initiating return while humans respond anticipates New Covenant teaching (Jeremiah 31:31-34; Ezekiel 36:26-27).

Reflection Questions

  1. Do you approach repentance as your own accomplishment or as a gift you must ask God to grant? What difference does this distinction make?
  2. What would 'days as of old' look like in your spiritual life—what past experiences of closeness with God do you long to see renewed?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 7 words
וְֽנָשׁ֔וּבָ1 of 7

Turn

H7725

to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point);

יְהוָ֤ה׀2 of 7

thou us unto thee O LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

אֵלֶ֙יךָ֙3 of 7
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

וְֽנָשׁ֔וּבָ4 of 7

Turn

H7725

to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point);

חַדֵּ֥שׁ5 of 7

renew

H2318

to be new; causatively, to rebuild

יָמֵ֖ינוּ6 of 7

our days

H3117

a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso

כְּקֶֽדֶם׃7 of 7

as of old

H6924

the front, of place (absolutely, the fore part, relatively the east) or time (antiquity); often used adverbially (before, anciently, eastward)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Lamentations. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Lamentations 5:21 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Lamentations 5:21 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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