King James Version

What Does Joshua 17:4 Mean?

And they came near before Eleazar the priest, and before Joshua the son of Nun, and before the princes, saying, The LORD commanded Moses to give us an inheritance among our brethren. Therefore according to the commandment of the LORD he gave them an inheritance among the brethren of their father.

Joshua 17:4 · KJV


Context

2

There was also a lot for the rest of the children of Manasseh by their families; for the children of Abiezer, and for the children of Helek, and for the children of Asriel, and for the children of Shechem, and for the children of Hepher, and for the children of Shemida: these were the male children of Manasseh the son of Joseph by their families.

3

But Zelophehad, the son of Hepher, the son of Gilead, the son of Machir, the son of Manasseh, had no sons, but daughters: and these are the names of his daughters, Mahlah, and Noah, Hoglah, Milcah, and Tirzah.

4

And they came near before Eleazar the priest, and before Joshua the son of Nun, and before the princes, saying, The LORD commanded Moses to give us an inheritance among our brethren. Therefore according to the commandment of the LORD he gave them an inheritance among the brethren of their father.

5

And there fell ten portions to Manasseh, beside the land of Gilead and Bashan, which were on the other side Jordan;

6

Because the daughters of Manasseh had an inheritance among his sons: and the rest of Manasseh's sons had the land of Gilead.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And they came near before Eleazar the priest, and before Joshua the son of Nun, and before the princes, saying, The LORD commanded Moses to give us an inheritance among our brethren—The daughters approach the highest authorities of Israel: the high priest (representing divine will through Urim and Thummim), the civil leader, and the tribal princes. Their petition is grounded not in emotional appeal but in explicit divine command. The phrase Yahweh tzivah et-Moshe (יְהוָה צִוָּה אֶת־מֹשֶׁה, "the LORD commanded Moses") appeals to established precedent and God's revealed will.

Therefore according to the commandment of the LORD he gave them an inheritance among the brethren of their father—Joshua's immediate compliance demonstrates fidelity to divine instruction over cultural convention. The phrase al-pi Yahweh (עַל־פִּי יְהוָה, "according to the mouth of the LORD") appears frequently in Joshua, emphasizing that land distribution was not arbitrary human decision but implementation of divine decree. Their inheritance was among the brethren of their father—they received equal standing with male heirs, a radical departure from surrounding cultures where women had minimal property rights.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Ancient Near Eastern law codes (Code of Hammurabi, Middle Assyrian Laws, Hittite Laws) generally excluded women from inheritance unless no male heirs existed, and even then, property often reverted to the husband's family. Israel's willingness to grant inheritance to daughters based on divine command demonstrated submission to revealed law over cultural tradition. The presence of Eleazar the high priest in this transaction (he succeeded Aaron and served alongside Joshua) indicates the theological significance—land allocation was a sacred act, not merely political. The location was likely Shiloh, where the tabernacle stood (18:1), making this a formal legal proceeding conducted in God's presence.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does the daughters' appeal to God's previous command (rather than their personal feelings or needs) model the proper basis for petitioning God?
  2. What does Joshua's immediate obedience to God's established command teach about the importance of implementing biblical principles even when they challenge cultural norms?
  3. In what areas of life might God be calling you to advocate for justice based on His revealed character and commands, even when it goes against traditional expectations?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 29 words
וַתִּקְרַ֡בְנָה1 of 29

And they came near

H7126

to approach (causatively, bring near) for whatever purpose

וְלִפְנֵ֤י2 of 29

and before

H6440

the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi

אֶלְעָזָ֨ר3 of 29

Eleazar

H499

elazar, the name of seven israelites

הַכֹּהֵ֜ן4 of 29

the priest

H3548

literally one officiating, a priest; also (by courtesy) an acting priest (although a layman)

וְלִפְנֵ֤י5 of 29

and before

H6440

the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi

יְהוֹשֻׁ֣עַ6 of 29

Joshua

H3091

jehoshua (i.e., joshua), the jewish leader

בִּן7 of 29

the son

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

נ֗וּן8 of 29

of Nun

H5126

nun or non, the father of joshua

וְלִפְנֵ֤י9 of 29

and before

H6440

the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi

הַנְּשִׂיאִים֙10 of 29

the princes

H5387

properly, an exalted one, i.e., a king or sheik; also a rising mist

לֵאמֹ֔ר11 of 29

saying

H559

to say (used with great latitude)

יְהוָה֙12 of 29

The LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

צִוָּ֣ה13 of 29

commanded

H6680

(intensively) to constitute, enjoin

אֶת14 of 29
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

מֹשֶׁ֔ה15 of 29

Moses

H4872

mosheh, the israelite lawgiver

וַיִּתֵּ֨ן16 of 29

he gave

H5414

to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)

לָ֥נוּ17 of 29
H0
נַֽחֲלָ֔ה18 of 29

them an inheritance

H5159

properly, something inherited, i.e., (abstractly) occupancy, or (concretely) an heirloom; generally an estate, patrimony or portion

בְּת֖וֹךְ19 of 29

among

H8432

a bisection, i.e., (by implication) the center

אֲחֵ֥י20 of 29

our brethren

H251

a brother (used in the widest sense of literal relationship and metaphorical affinity or resemblance [like h0001])

וַיִּתֵּ֨ן21 of 29

he gave

H5414

to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)

לָהֶ֜ם22 of 29
H0
אֶל23 of 29
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

פִּ֤י24 of 29

Therefore according to the commandment

H6310

the mouth (as the means of blowing), whether literal or figurative (particularly speech); specifically edge, portion or side; adverbially (with prepos

יְהוָה֙25 of 29

The LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

נַֽחֲלָ֔ה26 of 29

them an inheritance

H5159

properly, something inherited, i.e., (abstractly) occupancy, or (concretely) an heirloom; generally an estate, patrimony or portion

בְּת֖וֹךְ27 of 29

among

H8432

a bisection, i.e., (by implication) the center

אֲחֵ֥י28 of 29

our brethren

H251

a brother (used in the widest sense of literal relationship and metaphorical affinity or resemblance [like h0001])

אֲבִיהֶֽן׃29 of 29

of their father

H1

father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Joshua. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Joshua 17:4 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Joshua 17:4 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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