King James Version

What Does John 19:25 Mean?

John 19:25 in the King James Version says “Now there stood by the cross of Jesus his mother, and his mother's sister, Mary the wife of Cleophas, and Mary Magdalene... — study this verse from John chapter 19 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

Now there stood by the cross of Jesus his mother, and his mother's sister, Mary the wife of Cleophas, and Mary Magdalene. Cleophas: or, Clopas

John 19:25 · KJV


Context

23

Then the soldiers, when they had crucified Jesus, took his garments, and made four parts, to every soldier a part; and also his coat: now the coat was without seam, woven from the top throughout . woven: or, wrought

24

They said therefore among themselves, Let us not rend it, but cast lots for it, whose it shall be: that the scripture might be fulfilled, which saith, They parted my raiment among them, and for my vesture they did cast lots. These things therefore the soldiers did.

25

Now there stood by the cross of Jesus his mother, and his mother's sister, Mary the wife of Cleophas, and Mary Magdalene. Cleophas: or, Clopas

26

When Jesus therefore saw his mother, and the disciple standing by, whom he loved, he saith unto his mother, Woman, behold thy son!

27

Then saith he to the disciple, Behold thy mother! And from that hour that disciple took her unto his own home.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Now there stood by the cross of Jesus his mother, and his mother's sister, Mary the wife of Cleophas, and Mary Magdalene. While male disciples fled (Mark 14:50), these women ἱστήκεισαν (histēkeisan, stood)—the pluperfect tense suggesting they had been standing and continued standing. Their loyal presence contrasts sharply with Peter's denial and the disciples' desertion.

Mary the mother of Jesus witnesses the fulfillment of Simeon's prophecy: 'a sword shall pierce through thy own soul also' (Luke 2:35). She watches her firstborn die as a criminal, the child she bore virginally now hanging naked and mocked. Her presence models costly discipleship—she cannot prevent His suffering but refuses to abandon Him in it.

The identification of women here is complex. Some scholars see two women (Mary the mother of Jesus, who is also sister-in-law to Cleophas; and Mary Magdalene), others see three (Mary the mother of Jesus, another Mary who is Jesus's aunt and Cleophas's wife, and Mary Magdalene), still others four. The syntax allows multiple interpretations. Regardless, the central point remains: faithful women stood at the cross when apostles had fled. These are the last at the cross and first at the tomb (20:1).

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Roman crucifixions were public spectacles designed to maximize shame and deter crime. Victims were crucified naked, usually at roadsides or other high-traffic areas. The fact that women could approach the cross suggests either Roman soldiers' indifference or Jesus's relatively quick death leaving the execution site less guarded.

Mary Magdalene (Μαρία ἡ Μαγδαληνή, Maria hē Magdalēnē)—Mary from Magdala, a town on Galilee's western shore—had been delivered by Jesus from seven demons (Luke 8:2). Her devotion flowed from gratitude for liberation. She appears in all four Gospels at the crucifixion and resurrection, demonstrating her centrality to early Christian witness.

First-century Jewish culture restricted women's public roles, yet Jesus's ministry regularly violated these conventions (Luke 8:1-3, John 4). These women supported Jesus's ministry financially and physically, following Him from Galilee to Jerusalem, and remained faithful through the horror of crucifixion. Their testimony became foundational for resurrection faith.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does the contrast between the women's faithfulness and the male disciples' flight teach about true courage?
  2. How did Mary's experience at the cross fulfill Simeon's prophecy about a sword piercing her soul?
  3. Why might Jesus have chosen women as the primary witnesses to His death and resurrection in a culture that devalued women's testimony?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 24 words
εἱστήκεισαν1 of 24

there stood

G2476

to stand (transitively or intransitively), used in various applications (literally or figuratively)

δὲ2 of 24

Now

G1161

but, and, etc

παρὰ3 of 24

by

G3844

properly, near; i.e., (with genitive case) from beside (literally or figuratively), (with dative case) at (or in) the vicinity of (objectively or subj

4 of 24

the wife

G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

σταυρῷ5 of 24

the cross

G4716

a stake or post (as set upright), i.e., (specially), a pole or cross (as an instrument of capital punishment); figuratively, exposure to death, i.e.,

6 of 24

the wife

G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

Ἰησοῦ7 of 24

of Jesus

G2424

jesus (i.e., jehoshua), the name of our lord and two (three) other israelites

8 of 24

the wife

G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

μητρὸς9 of 24

mother

G3384

a "mother" (literally or figuratively, immediate or remote)

αὐτοῦ10 of 24

his

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

καὶ11 of 24

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

12 of 24

the wife

G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἀδελφὴ13 of 24

sister

G79

a sister (naturally or ecclesiastically)

14 of 24

the wife

G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

μητρὸς15 of 24

mother

G3384

a "mother" (literally or figuratively, immediate or remote)

αὐτοῦ16 of 24

his

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

Μαρία17 of 24

Mary

G3137

maria or mariam (i.e., mirjam), the name of six christian females

18 of 24

the wife

G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

19 of 24

the wife

G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

Κλωπᾶ20 of 24

of Cleophas

G2832

clopas, an israelite

καὶ21 of 24

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

Μαρία22 of 24

Mary

G3137

maria or mariam (i.e., mirjam), the name of six christian females

23 of 24

the wife

G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

Μαγδαληνή24 of 24

Magdalene

G3094

a female magdalene, i.e., inhabitant of magdala


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of John. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

John 19:25 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to John 19:25 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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