King James Version

What Does John 20:1 Mean?

John 20:1 in the King James Version says “The first day of the week cometh Mary Magdalene early, when it was yet dark, unto the sepulchre, and seeth the stone tak... — study this verse from John chapter 20 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

The first day of the week cometh Mary Magdalene early, when it was yet dark, unto the sepulchre, and seeth the stone taken away from the sepulchre.

John 20:1 · KJV


Context

1

The first day of the week cometh Mary Magdalene early, when it was yet dark, unto the sepulchre, and seeth the stone taken away from the sepulchre.

2

Then she runneth, and cometh to Simon Peter, and to the other disciple, whom Jesus loved, and saith unto them, They have taken away the Lord out of the sepulchre, and we know not where they have laid him.

3

Peter therefore went forth, and that other disciple, and came to the sepulchre.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The first day of the week (τῇ μιᾷ τῶν σαββάτων, tē mia tōn sabbatōn)—Sunday, the day that would become the Lord's Day for Christian worship, commemorating resurrection rather than Sabbath rest. Mary Magdalene came early, when it was yet dark (πρωΐ σκοτίας ἔτι οὔσης)—her devotion outpacing the dawn, driven by love not duty.

The stone taken away (τὸν λίθον ἠρμένον, ton lithon ērmenon)—the perfect passive participle indicates the stone had been removed by divine agency before her arrival. This detail refutes the stolen-body theory: tomb robbers don't roll away sealed stones. The empty tomb doesn't prove resurrection (Mary assumes theft), but it establishes the bodily nature of Christ's rising—no corpse remained.

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Historical & Cultural Context

John's Gospel was written AD 85-95, after the other Gospels. His account emphasizes eyewitness detail (he was likely 'the other disciple'). Roman tombs used rolling stones weighing 1-2 tons, often sealed with imperial authority. Mary Magdalene, from whom Jesus cast seven demons (Luke 8:2), became the first resurrection witness—a radical choice in a culture where women's testimony was legally inadmissible.

Reflection Questions

  1. Why would God choose a woman—whose testimony carried no legal weight—as the first witness to history's most important event?
  2. What drives you to seek Jesus 'while it is yet dark'—duty, devotion, or desperation?
  3. How does the physical removal of the stone demonstrate that resurrection is not merely spiritual but bodily and historical?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 24 words
Τῇ1 of 24
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

δὲ2 of 24
G1161

but, and, etc

μιᾷ3 of 24
G1520

one

τῶν4 of 24
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

σαββάτων5 of 24

day of the week

G4521

the sabbath (i.e., shabbath), or day of weekly repose from secular avocations (also the observance or institution itself); by extension, a se'nnight,

Μαρία6 of 24

Mary

G3137

maria or mariam (i.e., mirjam), the name of six christian females

7 of 24
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

Μαγδαληνὴ8 of 24

Magdalene

G3094

a female magdalene, i.e., inhabitant of magdala

ἔρχεται9 of 24

cometh

G2064

to come or go (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)

πρωῒ10 of 24

early

G4404

at dawn; by implication, the day-break watch

σκοτίας11 of 24

dark

G4653

dimness, obscurity (literally or figuratively)

ἔτι12 of 24

yet

G2089

"yet," still (of time or degree)

οὔσης13 of 24

when it was

G5607

being

εἰς14 of 24

unto

G1519

to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases

τὸ15 of 24
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

μνημείου16 of 24

the sepulchre

G3419

a remembrance, i.e., cenotaph (place of interment)

καὶ17 of 24

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

βλέπει18 of 24

seeth

G991

to look at (literally or figuratively)

τὸν19 of 24
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

λίθον20 of 24

the stone

G3037

a stone (literally or figuratively)

ἠρμένον21 of 24

taken away

G142

to lift up; by implication, to take up or away; figuratively, to raise (the voice), keep in suspense (the mind), specially, to sail away (i.e., weigh

ἐκ22 of 24

from

G1537

a primary preposition denoting origin (the point whence action or motion proceeds), from, out (of place, time, or cause literal or figurative; direct

τοῦ23 of 24
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

μνημείου24 of 24

the sepulchre

G3419

a remembrance, i.e., cenotaph (place of interment)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of John. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

John 20:1 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to John 20:1 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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