King James Version

What Does Joel 3:21 Mean?

Joel 3:21 in the King James Version says “For I will cleanse their blood that I have not cleansed: for the LORD dwelleth in Zion. for the: or, even I the LORD tha... — study this verse from Joel chapter 3 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

For I will cleanse their blood that I have not cleansed: for the LORD dwelleth in Zion. for the: or, even I the LORD that

Joel 3:21 · KJV


Context

19

Egypt shall be a desolation, and Edom shall be a desolate wilderness, for the violence against the children of Judah, because they have shed innocent blood in their land.

20

But Judah shall dwell for ever, and Jerusalem from generation to generation. dwell: or, abide

21

For I will cleanse their blood that I have not cleansed: for the LORD dwelleth in Zion. for the: or, even I the LORD that


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
For I will cleanse their blood that I have not cleansed (ve-niqqeti damam lo niqqeti)—This difficult phrase likely means 'I will avenge blood I have not yet avenged' (ESV, CSB) or 'I will pardon their bloodguilt' (others). The term niqah means 'to be clean/innocent/free from guilt.' God promises either to judge Israel's oppressors for unpunished bloodshed or to purify Israel from guilt.

For the LORD dwelleth in Zion (va-YHWH shochen be-Tsion)—The book's climax: God's presence is the ultimate promise. This echoes 3:17's opening and Ezekiel's vision, which concludes: 'The name of the city from that day shall be, The LORD is there' (Ezekiel 48:35). God dwelling with His people is the telos of redemptive history (Revelation 21:3: 'Behold, the tabernacle of God is with men').

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Historical & Cultural Context

The dwelling (shochen) recalls the tabernacle (mishkan, same root)—God's mobile dwelling among Israel (Exodus 25:8). After Solomon's temple was destroyed, Ezekiel saw God's glory depart (Ezekiel 10-11) but return to the eschatological temple (Ezekiel 43:1-5). Jesus 'tabernacled' among us (John 1:14), and now the church is God's temple (1 Corinthians 3:16, Ephesians 2:21-22). Ultimate fulfillment awaits the eternal Zion.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does it mean that God 'dwells' with His people—how do you experience His presence?
  2. How does the promise of cleansing 'blood that I have not cleansed' point to Christ's atoning sacrifice that cleanses all bloodguilt?
  3. In what sense is Revelation 21:3 ('God himself shall be with them') the ultimate fulfillment of Joel's prophecy?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 7 words
נִקֵּ֑יתִי1 of 7

For I will cleanse

H5352

to be (or make) clean (literally or figuratively); by implication (in an adverse sense) to be bare, i.e., extirpated

דָּמָ֣ם2 of 7

their blood

H1818

blood (as that which when shed causes death) of man or an animal; by analogy, the juice of the grape; figuratively (especially in the plural) bloodshe

לֹֽא3 of 7
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

נִקֵּ֑יתִי4 of 7

For I will cleanse

H5352

to be (or make) clean (literally or figuratively); by implication (in an adverse sense) to be bare, i.e., extirpated

וַֽיהוָ֖ה5 of 7

for the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

שֹׁכֵ֥ן6 of 7

dwelleth

H7931

to reside or permanently stay (literally or figuratively)

בְּצִיּֽוֹן׃7 of 7

in Zion

H6726

tsijon (as a permanent capital), a mountain of jerusalem


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Joel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Joel 3:21 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Joel 3:21 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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