King James Version

What Does Joel 2:14 Mean?

Joel 2:14 in the King James Version says “Who knoweth if he will return and repent, and leave a blessing behind him; even a meat offering and a drink offering unt... — study this verse from Joel chapter 2 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Who knoweth if he will return and repent, and leave a blessing behind him; even a meat offering and a drink offering unto the LORD your God?

Joel 2:14 · KJV


Context

12

Therefore also now, saith the LORD, turn ye even to me with all your heart, and with fasting, and with weeping, and with mourning:

13

And rend your heart, and not your garments, and turn unto the LORD your God: for he is gracious and merciful, slow to anger, and of great kindness, and repenteth him of the evil.

14

Who knoweth if he will return and repent, and leave a blessing behind him; even a meat offering and a drink offering unto the LORD your God?

15

Blow the trumpet in Zion, sanctify a fast, call a solemn assembly:

16

Gather the people, sanctify the congregation, assemble the elders, gather the children, and those that suck the breasts: let the bridegroom go forth of his chamber, and the bride out of her closet.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
"Who knoweth if he will return and repent, and leave a blessing behind him; even a meat offering and a drink offering unto the LORD your God?" After commanding repentance (vv. 12-13), Joel introduces uncertainty: "Who knoweth?" This isn't doubt about God's character but recognition of human inability to manipulate or predict divine response. God isn't vending machine dispensing blessings for religious performance. The phrase "he will return and repent" uses anthropomorphic language—God "repenting" means changing course based on human repentance, relenting from announced judgment when people genuinely turn from sin (Jonah 3:10, Jeremiah 18:7-10). "Leave a blessing" refers to restored harvests enabling temple offerings. Reformed theology affirms God's sovereignty doesn't negate human responsibility—we must repent sincerely, not presumptuously assuming either automatic forgiveness or inevitable doom. God may show mercy; that possibility should drive repentance.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Jonah 3:9 echoes this sentiment when Nineveh's king says "Who can tell if God will turn and repent?" Both contexts show pagan understanding: genuine repentance may move God to mercy, but humans can't demand it. This stands against mechanical views of prayer or ritual—as though correct religious performance forces God's hand. Biblical faith involves humble entreaty, not arrogant presumption.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does maintaining both urgency to repent and humility about God's sovereign response balance presumption and despair?
  2. What's the difference between genuine repentance hoping for mercy and manipulative religiosity demanding blessings?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 11 words
מִ֥י1 of 11
H4310

who? (occasionally, by a peculiar idiom, of things); also (indefinitely) whoever; often used in oblique construction with prefix or suffix

יוֹדֵ֖עַ2 of 11

Who knoweth

H3045

to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o

יָשׁ֣וּב3 of 11

if he will return

H7725

to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point);

וְנִחָ֑ם4 of 11

and repent

H5162

properly, to sigh, i.e., breathe strongly; by implication, to be sorry, i.e., (in a favorable sense) to pity, console or (reflexively) rue; or (unfavo

וְהִשְׁאִ֤יר5 of 11

and leave

H7604

properly, to swell up, i.e., be (causatively, make) redundant

אַֽחֲרָיו֙6 of 11

behind

H310

properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)

בְּרָכָ֔ה7 of 11

a blessing

H1293

benediction; by implication prosperity

מִנְחָ֣ה8 of 11

him even a meat offering

H4503

a donation; euphemistically, tribute; specifically a sacrificial offering (usually bloodless and voluntary)

וָנֶ֔סֶךְ9 of 11

and a drink offering

H5262

a libation; also a cast idol

לַיהוָ֖ה10 of 11

unto the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם׃11 of 11

your God

H430

gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Joel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Joel 2:14 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Joel 2:14 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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