King James Version

What Does Job 31:40 Mean?

Job 31:40 in the King James Version says “Let thistles grow instead of wheat, and cockle instead of barley. The words of Job are ended. cockle: or, noisome weeds — study this verse from Job chapter 31 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Let thistles grow instead of wheat, and cockle instead of barley. The words of Job are ended. cockle: or, noisome weeds

Job 31:40 · KJV


Context

38

If my land cry against me, or that the furrows likewise thereof complain; complain: Heb. weep

39

If I have eaten the fruits thereof without money, or have caused the owners thereof to lose their life: fruits: Heb. strength the owners: Heb. the soul of the owners thereof to expire, or, breathe out

40

Let thistles grow instead of wheat, and cockle instead of barley. The words of Job are ended. cockle: or, noisome weeds


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Job concludes his defense: 'Let thistles grow instead of wheat, and cockle instead of barley. The words of Job are ended.' This conditional curse invokes divine judgment if he's lied. Job stakes everything on his integrity - let his fields bear weeds if he's guilty.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Ancient Near Eastern oaths included conditional curses demonstrating sincerity. Job's agricultural curse shows willingness to stake his livelihood on his truthfulness.

Reflection Questions

  1. What are you willing to stake on your integrity?
  2. How does Job's bold oath model confidence in truth?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 10 words
תַּ֤חַת1 of 10
H8478

the bottom (as depressed); only adverbially, below (often with prepositional prefix underneath), in lieu of, etc

חִטָּ֨ה׀2 of 10

instead of wheat

H2406

wheat, whether the grain or the plant

יֵ֥צֵא3 of 10

grow

H3318

to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim

ח֗וֹחַ4 of 10

Let thistles

H2336

a thorn; by analogy, a ring for the nose

וְתַֽחַת5 of 10
H8478

the bottom (as depressed); only adverbially, below (often with prepositional prefix underneath), in lieu of, etc

שְׂעֹרָ֥ה6 of 10

instead of barley

H8184

barley (as villose)

בָאְשָׁ֑ה7 of 10

and cockle

H890

stink-weed or any other noxious or useless plant

תַּ֝֗מּוּ8 of 10

are ended

H8552

to complete, in a good or a bad sense, literal, or figurative, transitive or intransitive

דִּבְרֵ֥י9 of 10

The words

H1697

a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause

אִיּֽוֹב׃10 of 10

of Job

H347

ijob, the patriarch famous for his patience


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Job. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Job 31:40 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Job 31:40 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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