King James Version

What Does Job 31:30 Mean?

Job 31:30 in the King James Version says “Neither have I suffered my mouth to sin by wishing a curse to his soul. mouth: Heb. palate — study this verse from Job chapter 31 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Neither have I suffered my mouth to sin by wishing a curse to his soul. mouth: Heb. palate

Job 31:30 · KJV


Context

28

This also were an iniquity to be punished by the judge: for I should have denied the God that is above.

29

If I rejoiced at the destruction of him that hated me, or lifted up myself when evil found him:

30

Neither have I suffered my mouth to sin by wishing a curse to his soul. mouth: Heb. palate

31

If the men of my tabernacle said not, Oh that we had of his flesh! we cannot be satisfied.

32

The stranger did not lodge in the street: but I opened my doors to the traveller. traveller: or, way


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Neither have I suffered my mouth to sin (וְלֹא־נָתַתִּי אֶת־חִכִּי לַחֲטֹא, velo-natati et-chiki lachato)—natan (נָתַן) means to give or allow, chek (חֵךְ) literally means palate but represents speech, and chata (חָטָא) means to sin. By wishing a curse to his soul (לִשְׁאֹל בְּאָלָה נַפְשׁוֹ, lish'ol be'alah nafsho)—sha'al (שָׁאַל) means to ask or wish, alah (אָלָה) means curse, and nephesh (נֶפֶשׁ) means soul or life. Job didn't merely avoid rejoicing at enemies' downfall but actively refused to curse them.

This demonstrates mastery over the tongue—notoriously difficult to control (James 3:2-10). Job guarded not only his heart from schadenfreude but his speech from cursing enemies. Jesus taught blessing those who curse you (Luke 6:28). Paul commanded blessing persecutors, not cursing them (Romans 12:14). Job lived this standard before Christ made it explicit New Covenant teaching. From a Reformed perspective, this shows the continuity of God's moral law—the same ethical standard applies across redemptive history because it reflects God's unchanging character.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Ancient Near Eastern cultures practiced ritual cursing of enemies. Curse tablets and incantations sought divine judgment on opponents. Job's refusal to invoke curses on enemies demonstrated restraint contrary to cultural practice. His ethic reflected biblical teaching that vengeance belongs to God (Deuteronomy 32:35, Romans 12:19). Blessing rather than cursing enemies appears in both Testaments as divine standard.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does Job's control of his tongue regarding enemies challenge our tendency toward bitter or vengeful speech?
  2. What does the progression from verse 29 (not rejoicing) to verse 30 (not cursing) teach about comprehensive righteousness?
  3. How can we apply Job's standard when we feel justly wronged and want to express our anger?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 7 words
וְלֹא1 of 7
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

נָתַ֣תִּי2 of 7

Neither have I suffered

H5414

to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)

לַחֲטֹ֣א3 of 7

to sin

H2398

properly, to miss; hence (figuratively and generally) to sin; by inference, to forfeit, lack, expiate, repent, (causatively) lead astray, condemn

חִכִּ֑י4 of 7

my mouth

H2441

properly, the palate or inside of the mouth; hence, the mouth itself (as the organ of speech, taste and kissing)

לִשְׁאֹ֖ל5 of 7

by wishing

H7592

to inquire; by implication, to request; by extension, to demand

בְּאָלָ֣ה6 of 7

a curse

H423

an imprecation

נַפְשֽׁוֹ׃7 of 7

to his soul

H5315

properly, a breathing creature, i.e., animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or ment


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Job. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Job 31:30 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Job 31:30 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Test Your Knowledge

Continue Your Study