King James Version

What Does Romans 12:14 Mean?

Romans 12:14 in the King James Version says “Bless them which persecute you: bless, and curse not. — study this verse from Romans chapter 12 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

Bless them which persecute you: bless, and curse not.

Romans 12:14 · KJV


Context

12

Rejoicing in hope; patient in tribulation; continuing instant in prayer;

13

Distributing to the necessity of saints; given to hospitality.

14

Bless them which persecute you: bless, and curse not.

15

Rejoice with them that do rejoice, and weep with them that weep.

16

Be of the same mind one toward another . Mind not high things, but condescend to men of low estate. Be not wise in your own conceits. condescend: or, be contented with mean things


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Bless them which persecute you: bless, and curse not. Paul now turns to Christians' posture toward enemies, echoing Jesus's Sermon on the Mount: 'Love your enemies, bless them that curse you' (Matthew 5:44). The command bless them which persecute you (εὐλογεῖτε τοὺς διώκοντας, eulogeite tous diōkontas) uses the verb 'to speak well of, invoke good upon'—the opposite of cursing. Diōkō (persecute) is the same verb used for 'pursue' in verse 13; Christians pursue hospitality and are pursued by persecutors, yet respond with blessing. Paul emphasizes the point: bless, and curse not (εὐλογεῖτε καὶ μὴ καταρᾶσθε, eulogeite kai mē katasthe)—no retaliation, no return of evil for evil.

This command is impossible apart from the gospel. Natural response to persecution is vengeance; only those transformed by God's mercies (12:1) and renewed in mind (12:2) can bless their enemies. The theological foundation is Romans 5:8-10: 'while we were yet sinners, Christ died for us... when we were enemies, we were reconciled to God.' Christians who were once God's enemies but received blessing rather than curse now extend that same grace to their enemies. Blessing persecutors is participation in Christ's cruciform love.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Roman Christians experienced various forms of persecution: Jewish synagogues expelled Christian converts (John 16:2), employers dismissed workers who refused pagan oaths, neighbors ostracized families who abstained from idolatrous festivals, and occasionally civic authorities executed Christians for political disloyalty. Jesus had predicted this (John 15:18-20), as had Paul (2 Timothy 3:12). The temptation was to curse persecutors, call down judgment, or retaliate. Paul instead calls believers to imitate Christ, who prayed for his crucifiers (Luke 23:34).

Reflection Questions

  1. Who has 'persecuted' you (mocked your faith, opposed your witness, caused suffering for Christ's sake), and have you blessed them or cursed them?
  2. How does meditating on your own former status as God's enemy (Romans 5:10) reshape your response to those who oppose you?
  3. What would 'blessing' a persecutor look like practically—prayer for their good? active kindness? forgiveness?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 8 words
εὐλογεῖτε1 of 8

Bless

G2127

to speak well of, i.e., (religiously) to bless (thank or invoke a benediction upon, prosper)

τοὺς2 of 8
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

διώκοντας3 of 8

them which persecute

G1377

compare the base of g1169 and g1249); to pursue (literally or figuratively); by implication, to persecute

ὑμᾶς4 of 8

you

G5209

you (as the objective of a verb or preposition)

εὐλογεῖτε5 of 8

Bless

G2127

to speak well of, i.e., (religiously) to bless (thank or invoke a benediction upon, prosper)

καὶ6 of 8

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

μὴ7 of 8

not

G3361

(adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas g3756 expects an affirmative one)) whether

καταρᾶσθε8 of 8

curse

G2672

to execrate; by analogy, to doom


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Romans. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Romans 12:14 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Romans 12:14 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Test Your Knowledge

Continue Your Study