King James Version

What Does Job 3:21 Mean?

Job 3:21 in the King James Version says “Which long for death, but it cometh not; and dig for it more than for hid treasures; long: Heb. wait — study this verse from Job chapter 3 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Which long for death, but it cometh not; and dig for it more than for hid treasures; long: Heb. wait

Job 3:21 · KJV


Context

19

The small and great are there; and the servant is free from his master.

20

Wherefore is light given to him that is in misery, and life unto the bitter in soul;

21

Which long for death, but it cometh not; and dig for it more than for hid treasures; long: Heb. wait

22

Which rejoice exceedingly, and are glad, when they can find the grave?

23

Why is light given to a man whose way is hid, and whom God hath hedged in?


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Job describes those who 'long for death, but it cometh not; and dig for it more than for hid treasures.' The imagery of digging for death as for treasure inverts normal values—usually people seek life and treasure; the sufferer seeks death. The Hebrew 'chakah' (long for/wait) suggests sustained anticipation. Job expresses the paradox that despite desiring death, he cannot achieve it—God sustains his life for purposes Job doesn't yet understand.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The imagery of digging for hidden treasures reflects ancient mining practices and treasure hunting. Job's inversion—seeking death with such vigor—emphasizes the intensity of his suffering.

Reflection Questions

  1. How do you respond when God sustains your life through suffering you wish would end?
  2. What might God's purpose be in preserving life when death seems preferable?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 5 words
הַֽמְחַכִּ֣ים1 of 5

Which long

H2442

properly, to adhere to; hence, to await

לַמָּ֣וֶת2 of 5

for death

H4194

death (natural or violent); concretely, the dead, their place or state (hades); figuratively, pestilence, ruin

וְאֵינֶ֑נּוּ3 of 5
H369

a nonentity; generally used as a negative particle

וַֽ֝יַּחְפְּרֻ֗הוּ4 of 5

but it cometh not and dig

H2658

properly, to pry into; by implication, to delve, to explore

מִמַּטְמוֹנִֽים׃5 of 5

for it more than for hid treasures

H4301

a secret storehouse; hence, a secreted valuable (buried); generally money


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Job. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Job 3:21 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Job 3:21 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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