King James Version

What Does Job 3:16 Mean?

Job 3:16 in the King James Version says “Or as an hidden untimely birth I had not been; as infants which never saw light. — study this verse from Job chapter 3 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Or as an hidden untimely birth I had not been; as infants which never saw light.

Job 3:16 · KJV


Context

14

With kings and counsellors of the earth, which built desolate places for themselves;

15

Or with princes that had gold, who filled their houses with silver:

16

Or as an hidden untimely birth I had not been; as infants which never saw light.

17

There the wicked cease from troubling; and there the weary be at rest. weary: Heb. wearied in strength

18

There the prisoners rest together; they hear not the voice of the oppressor.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Job wishes he had been 'as an hidden untimely birth'—a miscarriage buried without ceremony. The Hebrew 'nephel' (untimely birth/miscarriage) represents the ultimate obscurity—existence so brief it never achieves recognition. Job considers this preferable to his current suffering. The phrase 'as infants which never saw light' emphasizes that even momentary existence with subsequent suffering seems worse than never having lived at all from Job's current perspective.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Miscarried infants in the ancient Near East were typically buried without the ceremonies accorded to those who lived. Job considers such anonymous non-existence preferable to his painful notoriety.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does Job's wish for complete obscurity teach us about how suffering affects our desire for significance?
  2. How do you maintain hope when suffering makes even existence itself seem undesirable?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 9 words
א֤וֹ1 of 9
H176

desire (and so probably in proverbs 31:4); hence (by way of alternative) or, also if

כְנֵ֣פֶל2 of 9

untimely birth

H5309

something fallen, i.e., an abortion

טָ֭מוּן3 of 9

Or as an hidden

H2934

to hide (by covering over)

לֹ֣א4 of 9
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

אֶֽהְיֶ֑ה5 of 9
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

כְּ֝עֹֽלְלִ֗ים6 of 9

I had not been as infants

H5768

a suckling

לֹא7 of 9
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

רָ֥אוּ8 of 9

which never saw

H7200

to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)

אֽוֹר׃9 of 9

light

H216

illumination or (concrete) luminary (in every sense, including lightning, happiness, etc.)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Job. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Job 3:16 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Job 3:16 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Test Your Knowledge

Continue Your Study