King James Version

What Does Job 28:19 Mean?

Job 28:19 in the King James Version says “The topaz of Ethiopia shall not equal it, neither shall it be valued with pure gold. — study this verse from Job chapter 28 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

The topaz of Ethiopia shall not equal it, neither shall it be valued with pure gold.

Job 28:19 · KJV


Context

17

The gold and the crystal cannot equal it: and the exchange of it shall not be for jewels of fine gold. jewels: or, vessels of

18

No mention shall be made of coral, or of pearls: for the price of wisdom is above rubies. coral: or, Ramoth

19

The topaz of Ethiopia shall not equal it, neither shall it be valued with pure gold.

20

Whence then cometh wisdom? and where is the place of understanding?

21

Seeing it is hid from the eyes of all living, and kept close from the fowls of the air. air: or, heaven


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The topaz of Ethiopia shall not equal it—even the most exotic and valuable gem fails to match wisdom. Hebrew pitdah (פִּטְדָה, "topaz") refers to a yellow or green precious stone, possibly chrysolite or peridot. Ethiopia (Kush, כּוּשׁ) was famous for producing the finest specimens. Neither shall it be valued with pure gold uses shalah (שָׁלָה, "valued"), meaning to compare or weigh against, and ketem tahor (כֶּתֶם טָהוֹר, "pure gold"), the most refined gold available, possibly referring to Ophir gold (1 Kings 10:11).

This concludes Job's economic argument (verses 15-19): gold, silver, crystal, fine gold vessels, coral, pearls, rubies, Ethiopian topaz, pure gold—the complete inventory of ancient wealth—cannot equal, purchase, or be compared to wisdom. The cumulative effect is overwhelming: wisdom transcends all earthly value systems. This prepares for verse 23's revelation: "God understandeth the way thereof, and he knoweth the place thereof." Wisdom belongs to God's realm, not humanity's marketplace. Romans 11:33-36 worships this reality: "O the depth of the riches both of the wisdom and knowledge of God! how unsearchable are his judgments, and his ways past finding out!" Wisdom cannot be bought because it must be revealed.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Ethiopian (Kushite) topaz was legendary in antiquity for exceptional quality. Pure gold from Ophir was considered the finest available (1 Kings 9:28). Job exhaustively catalogs ancient wealth's pinnacle items, then dismisses them all as inadequate for wisdom. This would profoundly impact his audience—if the sum total of earthly treasure cannot obtain wisdom, where can it be found? The poem answers: through fearing God (verse 28), receiving divine revelation rather than pursuing human acquisition.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does exhaustively listing earthly treasures' inadequacy help us reorient our values toward eternal wisdom?
  2. What does it mean that wisdom must be revealed rather than earned, given rather than purchased?
  3. How should recognizing that God alone possesses and gives wisdom affect our prayer life and dependence on Scripture?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 8 words
לֹֽא1 of 8
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

יַ֭עַרְכֶנָּה2 of 8

shall not equal

H6186

to set in a row, i.e., arrange, put in order (in a very wide variety of applications)

פִּטְדַת3 of 8

The topaz

H6357

a gem, probably the topaz

כּ֑וּשׁ4 of 8

of Ethiopia

H3568

cush (or ethiopia), the name of an israelite

בְּכֶ֥תֶם5 of 8

gold

H3800

properly, something carved out, i.e., ore; hence, gold (pure as originally mined)

טָ֝ה֗וֹר6 of 8

with pure

H2889

pure (in a physical, chemical, ceremonial or moral sense)

לֹ֣א7 of 8
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

תְסֻלֶּֽה׃8 of 8

it neither shall it be valued

H5541

to hang up, i.e., weigh, or (figuratively) contemn


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Job. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Job 28:19 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Job 28:19 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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