King James Version

What Does Job 15:20 Mean?

Job 15:20 in the King James Version says “The wicked man travaileth with pain all his days, and the number of years is hidden to the oppressor. — study this verse from Job chapter 15 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

The wicked man travaileth with pain all his days, and the number of years is hidden to the oppressor.

Job 15:20 · KJV


Context

18

Which wise men have told from their fathers, and have not hid it:

19

Unto whom alone the earth was given, and no stranger passed among them.

20

The wicked man travaileth with pain all his days, and the number of years is hidden to the oppressor.

21

A dreadful sound is in his ears: in prosperity the destroyer shall come upon him. A dreadful: Heb. A sound of fears

22

He believeth not that he shall return out of darkness, and he is waited for of the sword.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
'The wicked man travaileth with pain all his days, and the number of years is hidden to the oppressor.' Eliphaz describes the wicked's inner torment: 'travaileth with pain' (מִתְחוֹלֵל, mitcholel—writhes, anguishes) 'all his days' (כָּל־יְמֵי רָשָׁע, kol-yemey rasha). Years are 'hidden' (נִצְפְּנוּ, nitsf'nu—concealed, stored up) for 'the oppressor' (לֶעָרִיץ, le'arits—tyrant, ruthless one). The theology is partially true: sin does create inner torment (Proverbs 13:15, Romans 2:9). However, Eliphaz applies this to Job, implying Job's suffering proves wickedness. The error: assuming all suffering indicates secret sin. Jesus explicitly refutes this (John 9:2-3, Luke 13:1-5). Eliphaz describes a real phenomenon but misdiagnoses Job's situation.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Ancient wisdom recognized that wickedness creates anxiety and fear of judgment. Eliphaz stands in this tradition but wrongly applies it, making Job's suffering evidence of hidden evil.

Reflection Questions

  1. How do we acknowledge sin's natural consequences without assuming all suffering results from personal sin?
  2. What is the relationship between conscience and suffering?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 9 words
כָּל1 of 9
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

יְמֵ֣י2 of 9

with pain all his days

H3117

a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso

רָ֭שָׁע3 of 9

The wicked

H7563

morally wrong; concretely, an (actively) bad person

ה֣וּא4 of 9
H1931

he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo

מִתְחוֹלֵ֑ל5 of 9

man travaileth

H2342

properly, to twist or whirl (in a circular or spiral manner), i.e., (specifically) to dance, to writhe in pain (especially of parturition) or fear; fi

וּמִסְפַּ֥ר6 of 9

and the number

H4557

a number, definite (arithmetical) or indefinite (large, innumerable; small, a few); also (abstractly) narration

שָׁ֝נִ֗ים7 of 9

of years

H8141

a year (as a revolution of time)

נִצְפְּנ֥וּ8 of 9

is hidden

H6845

to hide (by covering over); by implication, to hoard or reserve; figuratively to deny; specifically (favorably) to protect, (unfavorably) to lurk

לֶעָרִֽיץ׃9 of 9

to the oppressor

H6184

fearful, i.e., powerful or tyrannical


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Job. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Job 15:20 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Job 15:20 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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