King James Version

What Does Jeremiah 5:29 Mean?

Jeremiah 5:29 in the King James Version says “Shall I not visit for these things? saith the LORD: shall not my soul be avenged on such a nation as this? — study this verse from Jeremiah chapter 5 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Shall I not visit for these things? saith the LORD: shall not my soul be avenged on such a nation as this?

Jeremiah 5:29 · KJV


Context

27

As a cage is full of birds, so are their houses full of deceit: therefore they are become great, and waxen rich. cage: or, coop

28

They are waxen fat, they shine: yea, they overpass the deeds of the wicked: they judge not the cause, the cause of the fatherless, yet they prosper; and the right of the needy do they not judge.

29

Shall I not visit for these things? saith the LORD: shall not my soul be avenged on such a nation as this?

30

A wonderful and horrible thing is committed in the land; A wonderful: or, Astonishment and filthiness

31

The prophets prophesy falsely, and the priests bear rule by their means; and my people love to have it so: and what will ye do in the end thereof? bear: or, take into their hands


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
God poses a rhetorical question demanding response: 'Shall I not visit for these things? saith the LORD: shall not my soul be avenged on such a nation as this?' (haʿal-ʾēlleh lōʾ-ʾep̄qōḏ nĕʾum-YHWH ʾim-bĕḡôy ʾăšer-kāzeh lōʾ ṯiṯnaqqēm nap̄šî). The verb pāqaḏ (visit) means divine intervention in judgment. The phrase 'shall not my soul be avenged' (lōʾ ṯiṯnaqqēm nap̄šî) uses nāqam (avenge, take vengeance)—not petty revenge but righteous judgment executing justice. This refrain appears three times in Jeremiah 5 (vv. 9, 29) and elsewhere (9:9), emphasizing the certainty and justice of coming judgment. God's character demands He address injustice—His holiness cannot overlook systematic oppression. This reveals that divine patience has limits; persistent, unrepentant evil inevitably provokes judgment. Romans 12:19 and Hebrews 10:30 affirm: 'Vengeance is mine; I will repay, saith the Lord.'

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Historical & Cultural Context

This rhetorical question anticipates Babylon's conquest as divine judgment on Judah's accumulated guilt—both religious (idolatry) and social (injustice). The destruction of Jerusalem (586 BC) vindicated God's justice: the nation that refused to execute justice for the vulnerable experienced divine justice. The exile demonstrated that covenant relationship brings accountability, not immunity from judgment. This principle operates throughout Scripture: privileged position increases responsibility (Luke 12:48), and judgment begins with God's household (1 Peter 4:17). Modern application warns that churches and nations enjoying gospel light face greater accountability for injustice and unrighteousness. God's patience shouldn't be mistaken for indifference—'the Lord is not slack concerning his promise...but is longsuffering' (2 Peter 3:9), yet judgment comes.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does understanding that God will judge all injustice affect your response to evil and oppression?
  2. What comfort does God's promise to avenge evil offer to those currently suffering injustice?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 13 words
הַֽעַל1 of 13
H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

אֵ֥לֶּה2 of 13
H428

these or those

לֹֽא3 of 13
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

אֶפְקֹ֖ד4 of 13

Shall I not visit

H6485

to visit (with friendly or hostile intent); by analogy, to oversee, muster, charge, care for, miss, deposit, etc

נְאֻם5 of 13

for these things saith

H5002

an oracle

יְהוָֹ֑ה6 of 13

the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

אִ֚ם7 of 13
H518

used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not

בְּג֣וֹי8 of 13

on such a nation

H1471

a foreign nation; hence, a gentile; also (figuratively) a troop of animals, or a flight of locusts

אֲשֶׁר9 of 13
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

כָּזֶ֔ה10 of 13
H2088

the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that

לֹ֥א11 of 13
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

תִתְנַקֵּ֖ם12 of 13

be avenged

H5358

to grudge, i.e., avenge or punish

נַפְשִֽׁי׃13 of 13

shall not my soul

H5315

properly, a breathing creature, i.e., animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or ment


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Jeremiah. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Jeremiah 5:29 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Jeremiah 5:29 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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