King James Version

What Does Jeremiah 49:39 Mean?

Jeremiah 49:39 in the King James Version says “But it shall come to pass in the latter days, that I will bring again the captivity of Elam, saith the LORD. — study this verse from Jeremiah chapter 49 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

But it shall come to pass in the latter days, that I will bring again the captivity of Elam, saith the LORD.

Jeremiah 49:39 · KJV


Context

37

For I will cause Elam to be dismayed before their enemies, and before them that seek their life: and I will bring evil upon them, even my fierce anger, saith the LORD; and I will send the sword after them, till I have consumed them:

38

And I will set my throne in Elam, and will destroy from thence the king and the princes, saith the LORD.

39

But it shall come to pass in the latter days, that I will bring again the captivity of Elam, saith the LORD.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
But it shall come to pass in the latter days (וְהָיָה בְּאַחֲרִית הַיָּמִים, v'hayah b'acharit hayyamim)—The eschatological formula 'latter days' points beyond immediate judgment to future restoration. This phrase appears throughout prophetic literature for messianic/end-times contexts. For Elam specifically, it anticipates reversal of exile and return to blessing.

That I will bring again the captivity of Elam, saith the LORD (אָשִׁיב אֶת־שְׁבוּת עֵילָם, ashiv et-sh'vut Elam)—The idiom shuv sh'vut (restore fortunes/turn captivity) promises comprehensive restoration: political, economic, spiritual. Remarkably, pagan Elam receives the same restoration promise given to Israel (29:14, 30:3) and other nations (48:47, 49:6). This demonstrates God's redemptive purpose extends beyond Israel to encompass all peoples. Acts 2:9's Elamites at Pentecost may represent partial fulfillment—Gentiles included in messianic salvation. Ultimate fulfillment awaits the eschaton when all nations stream to Zion (Isaiah 2:2-4).

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Historical & Cultural Context

Elamites did experience some restoration of cultural identity under Persian rule, though not political independence. Christian evangelization of Elam occurred early (tradition holds the apostle Thomas ministered there). But full restoration awaits Christ's return when 'the earth will be filled with knowledge of the LORD' (Habakkuk 2:14).

Reflection Questions

  1. Why does God promise restoration to pagan nations like Elam alongside Israel?
  2. How does this verse anticipate the Great Commission and Gentile inclusion in God's redemptive plan?
  3. What does 'latter days' restoration reveal about God's ultimate purposes in judgment—is destruction final or remedial?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 9 words
וְהָיָ֣ה׀1 of 9
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

בְּאַחֲרִ֣ית2 of 9

But it shall come to pass in the latter

H319

the last or end, hence, the future; also posterity

הַיָּמִ֗ים3 of 9

days

H3117

a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso

אָשִׁ֛וב4 of 9

that I will bring again

H7725

to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point);

אֶת5 of 9
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

שְׁב֥יּת6 of 9

the captivity

H7622

exile, concretely, prisoners; figuratively, a former state of prosperity

עֵילָ֖ם7 of 9

of Elam

H5867

elam, a son of shem and his descendants, with their country; also of six israelites

נְאֻם8 of 9

saith

H5002

an oracle

יְהוָֽה׃9 of 9

the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Jeremiah. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Jeremiah 49:39 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Jeremiah 49:39 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Places in This Verse

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