King James Version

What Does Jeremiah 46:20 Mean?

Jeremiah 46:20 in the King James Version says “Egypt is like a very fair heifer, but destruction cometh; it cometh out of the north. — study this verse from Jeremiah chapter 46 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Egypt is like a very fair heifer, but destruction cometh; it cometh out of the north.

Jeremiah 46:20 · KJV


Context

18

As I live, saith the King, whose name is the LORD of hosts, Surely as Tabor is among the mountains, and as Carmel by the sea, so shall he come.

19

O thou daughter dwelling in Egypt, furnish thyself to go into captivity : for Noph shall be waste and desolate without an inhabitant. furnish: Heb. make thee instruments of captivity

20

Egypt is like a very fair heifer, but destruction cometh; it cometh out of the north.

21

Also her hired men are in the midst of her like fatted bullocks; for they also are turned back, and are fled away together: they did not stand, because the day of their calamity was come upon them, and the time of their visitation. fatted: Heb. bullocks of the stall

22

The voice thereof shall go like a serpent; for they shall march with an army, and come against her with axes, as hewers of wood.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Egypt is like a very fair heifer (עֶגְלָה יְפֵה־פִיָּה מִצְרָיִם)—The Hebrew eglah yafah-fiyyah portrays Egypt as a beautiful, well-fed young cow, pampered and proud. Yet destruction cometh; it cometh out of the north (קֶרֶץ מִצָּפוֹן בָּא בָא)—the doubled ba ba (it cometh, it cometh) intensifies the certainty and imminence of Babylon's approach.

The heifer metaphor evokes Egypt's agricultural wealth and the sacred Apis bull cult at Memphis. But beauty and prosperity provide no defense against divine judgment. The phrase qerets (destruction) literally means a biting insect or gadfly—ironic given Egypt's previous plague of flies (Exodus 8:21-24). Now judgment comes not from above but from Mesopotamia.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Egypt's economy centered on Nile agriculture, making the heifer a fitting symbol of prosperity. The Apis bull was worshiped at Memphis as the incarnation of Ptah. The "north" refers to Babylon, which approached Canaan and Egypt from the north despite being east of both regions.

Reflection Questions

  1. How can external beauty and prosperity blind us to internal spiritual vulnerability?
  2. Why does God often use the very symbols of a culture's pride (like Egypt's sacred bulls) in pronouncing judgment?
  3. What does the certainty of "it cometh, it cometh" teach about the unstoppable nature of divine justice?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 8 words
עֶגְלָ֥ה1 of 8

heifer

H5697

a (female) calf, especially one nearly grown (i.e., a heifer)

יְפֵֽה2 of 8
H0
פִיָּ֖ה3 of 8

is like a very fair

H3304

very beautiful

מִצְרָ֑יִם4 of 8

Egypt

H4714

mitsrajim, i.e., upper and lower egypt

קֶ֥רֶץ5 of 8

but destruction

H7171

extirpation (as if by constriction)

מִצָּפ֖וֹן6 of 8

of the north

H6828

properly, hidden, i.e., dark; used only of the north as a quarter (gloomy and unknown)

בָֽא׃7 of 8

cometh

H935

to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)

בָֽא׃8 of 8

cometh

H935

to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Jeremiah. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Jeremiah 46:20 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Jeremiah 46:20 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Places in This Verse

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