King James Version

What Does Isaiah 58:3 Mean?

Isaiah 58:3 in the King James Version says “Wherefore have we fasted, say they, and thou seest not? wherefore have we afflicted our soul, and thou takest no knowled... — study this verse from Isaiah chapter 58 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Wherefore have we fasted, say they, and thou seest not? wherefore have we afflicted our soul, and thou takest no knowledge? Behold, in the day of your fast ye find pleasure, and exact all your labours. labours: or, things wherewith ye grieve others: Heb. griefs

Isaiah 58:3 · KJV


Context

1

Cry aloud, spare not, lift up thy voice like a trumpet, and shew my people their transgression, and the house of Jacob their sins. aloud: Heb. with the throat

2

Yet they seek me daily , and delight to know my ways, as a nation that did righteousness, and forsook not the ordinance of their God: they ask of me the ordinances of justice; they take delight in approaching to God.

3

Wherefore have we fasted, say they, and thou seest not? wherefore have we afflicted our soul, and thou takest no knowledge? Behold, in the day of your fast ye find pleasure, and exact all your labours. labours: or, things wherewith ye grieve others: Heb. griefs

4

Behold, ye fast for strife and debate, and to smite with the fist of wickedness: ye shall not fast as ye do this day, to make your voice to be heard on high. ye shall: or, ye fast not as this day

5

Is it such a fast that I have chosen? a day for a man to afflict his soul? is it to bow down his head as a bulrush, and to spread sackcloth and ashes under him? wilt thou call this a fast, and an acceptable day to the LORD? a day: or, to afflict his soul for a day?


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The people's complaint reveals their transactional view of religion: "Wherefore have we fasted, say they, and thou seest not?" They expect God to respond to their religious performances like a vending machine—insert fasting, receive blessing. "We have afflicted our soul, and thou takest no knowledge?" assumes merit-based relationship with God. God's answer exposes their self-centered worship: "Behold, in the day of your fast ye find pleasure, and exact all your labours." Their fasting is selective—they abstain from food while pursuing business interests and exploiting workers. The Hebrew chephets (pleasure/business) suggests they use fast days to advance personal agendas. "Exact all your labours" means demanding full work from employees despite the religious occasion. This reveals that their fasting serves self-interest, not God's glory or neighbor's good. From a Reformed perspective, this illustrates that works performed from wrong motives, even religious works, are sin. True religion transforms the whole life—worship and work, vertical and horizontal relationships. Fasting without justice is abomination to God.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The post-exilic community had instituted regular fasts (Zechariah 7:3-5, 8:19) commemorating Jerusalem's destruction. However, these observances became mere ritual divorced from ethical living. The prophets consistently condemned this disconnect between worship and ethics (Amos 5:21-24, Micah 6:6-8). Jesus would later criticize similar hypocrisy in the Pharisees who fasted ostentatiously while neglecting justice and mercy (Matthew 6:16-18, 23:23).

Reflection Questions

  1. How do we sometimes approach spiritual disciplines with a transactional mindset?
  2. What does it mean to pursue personal pleasure or advancement even while engaging in religious observances?
  3. How should our worship transform our treatment of employees, neighbors, and the vulnerable?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 16 words
לָ֤מָּה1 of 16
H4100

properly, interrogative what? (including how? why? when?); but also exclamation, what! (including how!), or indefinitely what (including whatever, and

צַּ֙מְנוּ֙2 of 16

Wherefore have we fasted

H6684

to cover over (the mouth), i.e., to fast

וְלֹ֣א3 of 16
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

רָאִ֔יתָ4 of 16

say they and thou seest

H7200

to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)

עִנִּ֥ינוּ5 of 16

not wherefore have we afflicted

H6031

to depress literally or figuratively, transitive or intransitive (in various applications, as follows)

נַפְשֵׁ֖נוּ6 of 16

our soul

H5315

properly, a breathing creature, i.e., animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or ment

וְלֹ֣א7 of 16
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

תֵדָ֑ע8 of 16

and thou takest no knowledge

H3045

to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o

הֵ֣ן9 of 16
H2005

lo!; also (as expressing surprise) if

בְּי֤וֹם10 of 16

Behold in the day

H3117

a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso

צֹֽמְכֶם֙11 of 16

of your fast

H6685

a fast

תִּמְצְאוּ12 of 16

ye find

H4672

properly, to come forth to, i.e., appear or exist; transitively, to attain, i.e., find or acquire; figuratively, to occur, meet or be present

חֵ֔פֶץ13 of 16

pleasure

H2656

pleasure; hence (abstractly) desire; concretely, a valuable thing; hence (by extension) a matter (as something in mind)

וְכָל14 of 16
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

עַצְּבֵיכֶ֖ם15 of 16

all your labours

H6092

a (hired) workman

תִּנְגֹּֽשׂוּ׃16 of 16

and exact

H5065

to drive (an animal, a workman, a debtor, an army); by implication, to tax, harass, tyrannize


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Isaiah. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Isaiah 58:3 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Isaiah 58:3 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Test Your Knowledge

Continue Your Study