King James Version

What Does Isaiah 40:23 Mean?

Isaiah 40:23 in the King James Version says “That bringeth the princes to nothing; he maketh the judges of the earth as vanity. — study this verse from Isaiah chapter 40 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

That bringeth the princes to nothing; he maketh the judges of the earth as vanity.

Isaiah 40:23 · KJV


Context

21

Have ye not known? have ye not heard? hath it not been told you from the beginning? have ye not understood from the foundations of the earth?

22

It is he that sitteth upon the circle of the earth, and the inhabitants thereof are as grasshoppers; that stretcheth out the heavens as a curtain, and spreadeth them out as a tent to dwell in: It is: or, Him that

23

That bringeth the princes to nothing; he maketh the judges of the earth as vanity.

24

Yea, they shall not be planted; yea, they shall not be sown: yea, their stock shall not take root in the earth: and he shall also blow upon them, and they shall wither, and the whirlwind shall take them away as stubble.

25

To whom then will ye liken me, or shall I be equal? saith the Holy One.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
God's sovereignty extends to political realms—He reduces princes to nothing ('ayin') and makes judges of the earth as vanity ('tohu'). The Hebrew 'shophet' (judge/ruler) emphasizes those who wield power, yet God nullifies them at will. This demonstrates that earthly authority derives from and is accountable to divine authority.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

For Jews subject to Babylonian rulers, this promised that their oppressors held power only by God's permission and would fall when He decreed. Babylon's mighty kings were temporary and ultimately impotent.

Reflection Questions

  1. How should this verse shape your response to earthly authorities and political powers?
  2. What does God's ability to bring down rulers teach about trusting in Him versus fearing people?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 7 words
הַנּוֹתֵ֥ן1 of 7

That bringeth

H5414

to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)

רוֹזְנִ֖ים2 of 7

the princes

H7336

probably to be heavy, i.e., (figuratively) honorable

לְאָ֑יִן3 of 7
H369

a nonentity; generally used as a negative particle

שֹׁ֥פְטֵי4 of 7

the judges

H8199

to judge, i.e., pronounce sentence (for or against); by implication, to vindicate or punish; by extenssion, to govern; passively, to litigate (literal

אֶ֖רֶץ5 of 7

of the earth

H776

the earth (at large, or partitively a land)

כַּתֹּ֥הוּ6 of 7

as vanity

H8414

a desolation (of surface), i.e., desert; figuratively, a worthless thing; adverbially, in vain

עָשָֽׂה׃7 of 7

to nothing he maketh

H6213

to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Isaiah. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Isaiah 40:23 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Isaiah 40:23 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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