King James Version

What Does Isaiah 37:33 Mean?

Therefore thus saith the LORD concerning the king of Assyria, He shall not come into this city, nor shoot an arrow there, nor come before it with shields, nor cast a bank against it.

Isaiah 37:33 · KJV


Context

31

And the remnant that is escaped of the house of Judah shall again take root downward, and bear fruit upward: the remnant: Heb. the escaping of the house of Judah that remaineth

32

For out of Jerusalem shall go forth a remnant, and they that escape out of mount Zion: the zeal of the LORD of hosts shall do this. they: Heb. the escaping

33

Therefore thus saith the LORD concerning the king of Assyria, He shall not come into this city, nor shoot an arrow there, nor come before it with shields, nor cast a bank against it.

34

By the way that he came, by the same shall he return, and shall not come into this city, saith the LORD.

35

For I will defend this city to save it for mine own sake, and for my servant David's sake.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The prophecy "he shall not come into this city" is unambiguous—Sennacherib will not enter Jerusalem. The specifics "nor shoot an arrow there, nor come before it with shields, nor cast a bank against it" enumerate siege tactics that won't happen. This detailed prediction demonstrates God's comprehensive protection. The precision serves as test of true prophecy—any deviation would prove Isaiah false. The absolute certainty "Thus saith the LORD" stakes divine reputation on the outcome.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Standard siege warfare included archery, shield walls, and siege ramps. God promises none of these will occur, a falsifiable prediction that would be dramatically fulfilled.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does God's willingness to make specific, falsifiable predictions demonstrate confidence in His power?
  2. What comfort comes from God's detailed promises of protection?
  3. How should fulfilled biblical prophecy strengthen our trust in unfulfilled promises?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 23 words
לָכֵ֗ן1 of 23
H3651

properly, set upright; hence (figuratively as adjective) just; but usually (as adverb or conjunction) rightly or so (in various applications to manner

כֹּֽה2 of 23
H3541

properly, like this, i.e., by implication, (of manner) thus (or so); also (of place) here (or hither); or (of time) now

אָמַ֤ר3 of 23

Therefore thus saith

H559

to say (used with great latitude)

יְהוָה֙4 of 23

the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

אֶל5 of 23
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

מֶ֣לֶךְ6 of 23

concerning the king

H4428

a king

אַשּׁ֔וּר7 of 23

of Assyria

H804

ashshur, the second son of shem; also his descendants and the country occupied by them (i.e., assyria), its region and its empire

לֹ֤א8 of 23
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

יָבוֹא֙9 of 23

He shall not come

H935

to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)

אֶל10 of 23
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

הָעִ֣יר11 of 23

into this city

H5892

a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)

הַזֹּ֔את12 of 23
H2063

this (often used adverb)

וְלֹֽא13 of 23
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

יוֹרֶ֥ה14 of 23

nor shoot

H3384

properly, to flow as water (i.e., to rain); transitively, to lay or throw (especially an arrow, i.e., to shoot); figuratively, to point out (as if by

שָׁ֖ם15 of 23
H8033

there (transferring to time) then; often thither, or thence

חֵ֑ץ16 of 23

an arrow

H2671

properly, a piercer, i.e., an arrow; by implication, a wound; figuratively, (of god) thunder-bolt; the shaft of a spear

וְלֹֽא17 of 23
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

יְקַדְּמֶ֣נָּה18 of 23

there nor come before

H6923

to project (one self), i.e., precede; hence, to anticipate, hasten, meet (usually for help)

מָגֵ֔ן19 of 23

it with shields

H4043

a shield (i.e., the small one or buckler); figuratively, a protector; also the scaly hide of the crocodile

וְלֹֽא20 of 23
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

יִשְׁפֹּ֥ךְ21 of 23

nor cast

H8210

to spill forth (blood, a libation, liquid metal; or even a solid, i.e., to mound up); also (figuratively) to expend (life, soul, complaint, money, etc

עֳלֶ֖יהָ22 of 23
H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

סֹלְלָֽה׃23 of 23

a bank

H5550

a military mound, i.e., rampart of besiegers


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Isaiah. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Isaiah 37:33 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Isaiah 37:33 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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