King James Version

What Does Isaiah 32:19 Mean?

Isaiah 32:19 in the King James Version says “When it shall hail, coming down on the forest; and the city shall be low in a low place. low in: or, utterly abased — study this verse from Isaiah chapter 32 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

When it shall hail, coming down on the forest; and the city shall be low in a low place. low in: or, utterly abased

Isaiah 32:19 · KJV


Context

17

And the work of righteousness shall be peace; and the effect of righteousness quietness and assurance for ever.

18

And my people shall dwell in a peaceable habitation, and in sure dwellings, and in quiet resting places;

19

When it shall hail, coming down on the forest; and the city shall be low in a low place. low in: or, utterly abased

20

Blessed are ye that sow beside all waters, that send forth thither the feet of the ox and the ass.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
When it shall hail, coming down on the forest (וּבָרַד בְּרֶדֶת הַיָּעַר, uvarad beredet haya'ar)—when בָּרָד (barad, hail) comes down (יָרַד, yarad) on the יַעַר (ya'ar, forest). And the city shall be low in a low place (וּבַשִּׁפְלָה תִשְׁפַּל הָעִיר, uvashiflah tishpal ha'ir)—the עִיר (ir, city) will be שָׁפֵל (shafel, brought low, humbled) in שְׁפֵלָה (shefelah, lowland, humiliation).

This difficult verse likely describes judgment on God's enemies while His people dwell securely (v. 18). The hail falling on the 'forest' may symbolize armies or nations (forests often represent kingdoms in prophetic literature). The city being 'brought low' could reference Babylon or other oppressing powers. While God's people experience peace (vv. 17-18), His enemies face humiliation. Revelation 16:21 describes eschatological hail judgment: 'great hail out of heaven... and men blasphemed God because of the plague of the hail.' God protects His own while judging enemies.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Hail as divine judgment appears throughout Scripture—Egypt's plagues (Exodus 9:18-26), Joshua's victory (Joshua 10:11), future tribulation (Revelation 8:7, 11:19, 16:21). Ancient peoples understood hail as divine weapon—destructive, uncontrollable by humans, falling from heaven. When God's people dwell securely, it's often because God has judged or restrained their enemies. Israel's peace in Canaan required Canaanite conquest.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does God's judgment on enemies enable His people's peace—are these realities separable?
  2. What does it mean that God simultaneously blesses His people and judges His enemies?
  3. How should awareness of coming judgment on wickedness affect our gospel urgency?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 6 words
וּבָרַ֖ד1 of 6

When it shall hail

H1258

to hail

בְּרֶ֣דֶת2 of 6

coming down

H3381

to descend (literally, to go downwards; or conventionally to a lower region, as the shore, a boundary, the enemy, etc.; or figuratively, to fall); cau

הַיָּ֑עַר3 of 6

on the forest

H3293

a copse of bushes; hence, a forest; hence, honey in the comb (as hived in trees)

וּבַשִּׁפְלָ֖ה4 of 6

in a low place

H8218

depression

תִּשְׁפַּ֥ל5 of 6

shall be low

H8213

to depress or sink (especially figuratively, to humiliate, intransitive or transitive)

הָעִֽיר׃6 of 6

and the city

H5892

a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Isaiah. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Isaiah 32:19 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Isaiah 32:19 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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