King James Version

What Does Isaiah 10:19 Mean?

Isaiah 10:19 in the King James Version says “And the rest of the trees of his forest shall be few, that a child may write them. few: Heb. number — study this verse from Isaiah chapter 10 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And the rest of the trees of his forest shall be few, that a child may write them. few: Heb. number

Isaiah 10:19 · KJV


Context

17

And the light of Israel shall be for a fire, and his Holy One for a flame: and it shall burn and devour his thorns and his briers in one day;

18

And shall consume the glory of his forest, and of his fruitful field, both soul and body: and they shall be as when a standardbearer fainteth. both: Heb. from the soul, and even to the flesh

19

And the rest of the trees of his forest shall be few, that a child may write them. few: Heb. number

20

And it shall come to pass in that day, that the remnant of Israel, and such as are escaped of the house of Jacob, shall no more again stay upon him that smote them; but shall stay upon the LORD, the Holy One of Israel, in truth.

21

The remnant shall return, even the remnant of Jacob, unto the mighty God.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
After divine judgment, Assyria's once-mighty forest (metaphor for its army and empire) will be so reduced that 'a child may write them'—meaning count them, since children were learning numerals. From invincible superpower to pitiful remnant: this is God's reversal of human pride. The 'rest of the trees' emphasizes how few will survive. This prophecy was fulfilled when 185,000 Assyrian soldiers died in one night (Isaiah 37:36), and ultimately when the Assyrian Empire fell to Babylon in 612-609 BC. What seemed permanent proved temporary; what seemed invincible proved vulnerable before God's decree.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The forest metaphor connects to Lebanon's famous cedars, symbols of strength and majesty (see Isaiah 10:33-34). Assyrian annals record massive armies—Sennacherib claimed 200,150 captives from Judah alone in 701 BC. Yet his army withdrew suddenly from Jerusalem, and Assyria never recovered its former dominance. Within a century, the empire collapsed. Archaeological evidence shows Nineveh's destruction was so complete that even its location was forgotten until 19th-century excavations rediscovered it.

Reflection Questions

  1. What 'forests' in our world seem permanent and invincible, yet stand under God's judgment?
  2. How should the rise and fall of empires shape our confidence in temporary vs. eternal kingdoms?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 7 words
וּשְׁאָ֥ר1 of 7

And the rest

H7605

a remainder

עֵ֛ץ2 of 7

of the trees

H6086

a tree (from its firmness); hence, wood (plural sticks)

יַעְר֖וֹ3 of 7

of his forest

H3293

a copse of bushes; hence, a forest; hence, honey in the comb (as hived in trees)

מִסְפָּ֣ר4 of 7

shall be few

H4557

a number, definite (arithmetical) or indefinite (large, innumerable; small, a few); also (abstractly) narration

יִֽהְי֑וּ5 of 7
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

וְנַ֖עַר6 of 7

that a child

H5288

(concretely) a boy (as active), from the age of infancy to adolescence; by implication, a servant; also (by interch. of sex), a girl (of similar latit

יִכְתְּבֵֽם׃7 of 7

may write

H3789

to grave, by implication, to write (describe, inscribe, prescribe, subscribe)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Isaiah. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Isaiah 10:19 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Isaiah 10:19 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Test Your Knowledge

Continue Your Study