King James Version

What Does Isaiah 19:12 Mean?

Isaiah 19:12 in the King James Version says “Where are they? where are thy wise men? and let them tell thee now, and let them know what the LORD of hosts hath purpos... — study this verse from Isaiah chapter 19 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Where are they? where are thy wise men? and let them tell thee now, and let them know what the LORD of hosts hath purposed upon Egypt.

Isaiah 19:12 · KJV


Context

10

And they shall be broken in the purposes thereof, all that make sluices and ponds for fish. purposes: Heb. foundations for fish: Heb. of living things

11

Surely the princes of Zoan are fools, the counsel of the wise counsellors of Pharaoh is become brutish: how say ye unto Pharaoh, I am the son of the wise, the son of ancient kings?

12

Where are they? where are thy wise men? and let them tell thee now, and let them know what the LORD of hosts hath purposed upon Egypt.

13

The princes of Zoan are become fools, the princes of Noph are deceived; they have also seduced Egypt, even they that are the stay of the tribes thereof. they that: or, governors: Heb. corners

14

The LORD hath mingled a perverse spirit in the midst thereof: and they have caused Egypt to err in every work thereof, as a drunken man staggereth in his vomit. a perverse: Heb. a spirit of perversities


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
'Where are they? where are thy wise men? and let them tell thee now, and let them know what the LORD of hosts hath purposed upon Egypt.' God challenges Egypt: let their wise men explain divine purposes. The repeated 'where are they?' indicates absence or futility—either the wise men don't exist, or they're incompetent to understand God's plans. This sarcastic challenge demonstrates that human wisdom can't comprehend divine purposes without revelation. Egypt's counselors, despite education and tradition, cannot 'know what the LORD of hosts hath purposed'—they lack access to divine counsel. Only revealed knowledge provides genuine understanding of God's purposes. This anticipates Paul's teaching that God's wisdom appears as foolishness to worldly wisdom, yet worldly wisdom cannot grasp divine purposes (1 Corinthians 1:18-25; 2:14). True knowledge requires divine revelation, not merely human reasoning.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Throughout history, Egyptian counselors couldn't accurately predict or prevent national crises. Despite elaborate divination systems (reading animal entrails, astrology, dream interpretation), they failed to foresee invasions, famines, or political collapses. In contrast, Isaiah accurately prophesied specific events through divine revelation—Assyria's victories, Egypt's failures, Jerusalem's deliverance. This empirically validated revealed knowledge's superiority over human wisdom traditions. Church history shows this pattern continuing: secular philosophies and worldviews repeatedly fail to explain reality or guide societies successfully, while biblical revelation provides accurate understanding of human nature, history's trajectory, and ultimate purposes. Revelation trumps speculation.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does the challenge to Egypt's wise men teach about revealed versus speculative knowledge?
  2. How does inability to know God's purposes demonstrate human wisdom's limits?
  3. Why is divine revelation necessary for genuine understanding of history and reality?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 13 words
אַיָּם֙1 of 13

Where

H335

where? hence how?

אֵפ֣וֹא2 of 13

are they where

H645

strictly a demonstrative particle, here; but used of time, now or then

חֲכָמֶ֔יךָ3 of 13

are thy wise

H2450

wise, (i.e., intelligent, skilful or artful)

וְיַגִּ֥ידוּ4 of 13

men and let them tell

H5046

properly, to front, i.e., stand boldly out opposite; by implication (causatively), to manifest; figuratively, to announce (always by word of mouth to

נָ֖א5 of 13
H4994

'i pray', 'now', or 'then'; added mostly to verbs (in the imperative or future), or to interjections, occasionally to an adverb or conjunction

לָ֑ךְ6 of 13
H0
וְיֵ֣דְע֔וּ7 of 13

thee now and let them know

H3045

to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o

מַה8 of 13
H4100

properly, interrogative what? (including how? why? when?); but also exclamation, what! (including how!), or indefinitely what (including whatever, and

יָּעַ֛ץ9 of 13

hath purposed

H3289

to advise; reflexively, to deliberate or resolve

יְהוָ֥ה10 of 13

what the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

צְבָא֖וֹת11 of 13

of hosts

H6635

a mass of persons (or figuratively, things), especially reg. organized for war (an army); by implication, a campaign, literally or figuratively (speci

עַל12 of 13
H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

מִצְרָֽיִם׃13 of 13

upon Egypt

H4714

mitsrajim, i.e., upper and lower egypt


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Isaiah. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Isaiah 19:12 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Isaiah 19:12 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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