King James Version

What Does Hosea 12:7 Mean?

Hosea 12:7 in the King James Version says “He is a merchant, the balances of deceit are in his hand: he loveth to oppress. a merchant: or, Canaan oppress: or, dece... — study this verse from Hosea chapter 12 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

He is a merchant, the balances of deceit are in his hand: he loveth to oppress. a merchant: or, Canaan oppress: or, deceive

Hosea 12:7 · KJV


Context

5

Even the LORD God of hosts; the LORD is his memorial.

6

Therefore turn thou to thy God: keep mercy and judgment, and wait on thy God continually.

7

He is a merchant, the balances of deceit are in his hand: he loveth to oppress. a merchant: or, Canaan oppress: or, deceive

8

And Ephraim said, Yet I am become rich, I have found me out substance: in all my labours they shall find none iniquity in me that were sin. in all: or, all my labours suffice me not: he shall have punishment of iniquity in whom is sin that: Heb. which

9

And I that am the LORD thy God from the land of Egypt will yet make thee to dwell in tabernacles, as in the days of the solemn feast.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Merchant with false balances: 'He is a merchant, the balances of deceit are in his hand: he loveth to oppress.' The accusation: כְּנַעַן (Kena'an, Canaanite/merchant—pun on 'Canaan'), holding מֹאזְנֵי מִרְמָה (mozenei mirmah, balances of deceit). He loves עָשַׁק (ashaq, to oppress/defraud). This demonstrates commercial corruption: dishonest weights, exploitative practices. Deuteronomy forbids false balances (Deuteronomy 25:13-16). Amos similarly condemns (Amos 8:5). Only Christ brings honest dealing and justice (Revelation 19:11).

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The wordplay Kena'an (Canaanite/merchant) suggests Israel becoming like pagan traders—adopting corrupt practices rather than maintaining covenant ethics. False balances allowed merchants to cheat: light weights when buying, heavy when selling. Archaeological discoveries include ancient weights showing manipulation attempts. Proverbs repeatedly condemns false balances (Proverbs 11:1, 16:11, 20:10,23). This demonstrates that economic justice is covenant requirement—God cares about marketplace ethics. Prophets consistently link religious apostasy with commercial corruption. Church history shows similar pattern: spiritual decline often accompanies economic exploitation.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does becoming 'a merchant with false balances' demonstrate covenant people adopting pagan values?
  2. What does love of oppression reveal about hearts corrupted beyond mere external violations?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 6 words
כְּנַ֗עַן1 of 6

He is a merchant

H3667

kenaan, a son a ham; also the country inhabited by him

בְּיָד֛וֹ2 of 6

are in his hand

H3027

a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v

מֹאזְנֵ֥י3 of 6

the balances

H3976

(only in the dual) a pair of scales

מִרְמָ֖ה4 of 6

of deceit

H4820

fraud

לַעֲשֹׁ֥ק5 of 6

to oppress

H6231

to press upon, i.e., oppress, defraud, violate, overflow

אָהֵֽב׃6 of 6

he loveth

H157

to have affection for (sexually or otherwise)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Hosea. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Hosea 12:7 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Hosea 12:7 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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