King James Version

What Does Genesis 32:14 Mean?

Genesis 32:14 in the King James Version says “Two hundred she goats, and twenty he goats, two hundred ewes, and twenty rams, — study this verse from Genesis chapter 32 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Two hundred she goats, and twenty he goats, two hundred ewes, and twenty rams,

Genesis 32:14 · KJV


Context

12

And thou saidst, I will surely do thee good, and make thy seed as the sand of the sea, which cannot be numbered for multitude.

13

And he lodged there that same night; and took of that which came to his hand a present for Esau his brother;

14

Two hundred she goats, and twenty he goats, two hundred ewes, and twenty rams,

15

Thirty milch camels with their colts, forty kine, and ten bulls, twenty she asses, and ten foals.

16

And he delivered them into the hand of his servants, every drove by themselves; and said unto his servants, Pass over before me, and put a space betwixt drove and drove.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Two hundred she goats, and twenty he goats, two hundred ewes, and twenty rams,... This passage belongs to the Jacob narratives which demonstrate God's sovereign election overriding human merit and the transformation of a deceiver into Israel, the father of the twelve tribes. The Jacob cycle shows how divine purposes advance through flawed individuals whom God graciously transforms.

Key themes include God's sovereign choice ("the older shall serve the younger"), the consequences of deception and family dysfunction, exile and return patterns, wrestling with God leading to blessing, and covenant renewal across generations. Jacob's character development from manipulative deceiver to mature patriarch demonstrates sanctification's lifelong process.

Theologically significant aspects include: (1) divine election based on grace not merit (Romans 9:10-13); (2) God's faithfulness to covenant promises despite human unfaithfulness; (3) discipline as evidence of divine love and means of transformation; (4) generational patterns of sin requiring divine intervention to break; (5) prayer and wrestling with God as legitimate expressions of faith. Jacob's limp after wrestling God symbolizes how divine encounters leave permanent marks, transforming our approach to life and dependence on God rather than our own cunning.

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Historical & Cultural Context

The patriarchal narratives (Genesis 12-50) reflect the cultural, social, and legal customs of the ancient Near East during the Middle Bronze Age (2000-1500 BCE). Archaeological discoveries including the Mari tablets, Nuzi tablets, and Egyptian records confirm many details: nomadic pastoralism, covenant-making ceremonies, marriage customs, property laws, and international travel patterns described in Genesis.

The cultural practices reflected include: treaty/covenant forms (Genesis 15), bride-price customs (Genesis 24, 29), inheritance laws favoring firstborn sons (Genesis 25, 27), adoption practices (Genesis 15, 30), levirate-type arrangements (Genesis 38), and Egyptian administrative systems (Genesis 41, 47). These parallels confirm Genesis's historical reliability while showing how God worked within ancient cultural frameworks to accomplish His purposes.

For later Israelites, these narratives established their identity as Abraham's descendants, explained their claim to Canaan, justified their possession of Joseph's bones (Exodus 13:19), and provided models of faith despite imperfection. The patriarchs' failures and God's faithfulness encouraged Israel that covenant relationship depended on God's grace rather than human merit. The movement from Mesopotamia to Canaan to Egypt set the stage for the Exodus and conquest narratives.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does this verse contribute to the biblical doctrine of creation, fall, or redemption?
  2. What obstacles prevent us from living out the truths presented in this verse?
  3. What connections can we trace from this verse to Jesus' life, death, and resurrection?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 8 words
עִזִּ֣ים1 of 8

she goats

H5795

a she-goat (as strong), but masculine in plural (which also is used elliptically for goat's hair)

מָאתַ֖יִם2 of 8

Two hundred

H3967

a hundred; also as a multiplicative and a fraction

וּתְיָשִׁ֖ים3 of 8

he goats

H8495

a buck or he-goat (as given to butting)

עֶשְׂרִֽים׃4 of 8

and twenty

H6242

twenty; also (ordinal) twentieth

רְחֵלִ֥ים5 of 8

ewes

H7353

a ewe [the females being the predominant element of a flock] (as a good traveller)

מָאתַ֖יִם6 of 8

Two hundred

H3967

a hundred; also as a multiplicative and a fraction

וְאֵילִ֥ים7 of 8

rams

H352

properly, strength; hence, anything strong; specifically an oak or other strong tree

עֶשְׂרִֽים׃8 of 8

and twenty

H6242

twenty; also (ordinal) twentieth


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Genesis. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Genesis 32:14 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Genesis 32:14 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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