King James Version

What Does Ezra 4:11 Mean?

Ezra 4:11 in the King James Version says “This is the copy of the letter that they sent unto him, even unto Artaxerxes the king; Thy servants the men on this side... — study this verse from Ezra chapter 4 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

This is the copy of the letter that they sent unto him, even unto Artaxerxes the king; Thy servants the men on this side the river, and at such a time.

Ezra 4:11 · KJV


Context

9

Then wrote Rehum the chancellor , and Shimshai the scribe, and the rest of their companions; the Dinaites, the Apharsathchites, the Tarpelites, the Apharsites, the Archevites, the Babylonians, the Susanchites, the Dehavites, and the Elamites, companions: Chald. societies

10

And the rest of the nations whom the great and noble Asnappar brought over, and set in the cities of Samaria, and the rest that are on this side the river, and at such a time. at such: Chaldee, Cheeneth

11

This is the copy of the letter that they sent unto him, even unto Artaxerxes the king; Thy servants the men on this side the river, and at such a time.

12

Be it known unto the king, that the Jews which came up from thee to us are come unto Jerusalem, building the rebellious and the bad city, and have set up the walls thereof, and joined the foundations. set up: or, finished joined: Chal. sewed together

13

Be it known now unto the king, that, if this city be builded, and the walls set up again, then will they not pay toll, tribute, and custom, and so thou shalt endamage the revenue of the kings. pay: Chal. give revenue: or, strength


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
This is the copy of the letter that they sent unto him, even unto Artaxerxes the king; Thy servants the men on this side the river, and at such a time. The phrase 'copy of the letter' indicates the biblical record preserves the actual text of the opponents' accusation, not merely a summary. This demonstrates Scripture's historical reliability—including even hostile documents when relevant to the narrative. The letter's preservation allows readers to evaluate the accusations' legitimacy and understand opposition's nature.

The self-identification as 'thy servants' (avdach, עַבְדָךְ) adopts deferential language appropriate for addressing the Great King. The phrase 'men on this side the river' claims to represent all Trans-Euphrates inhabitants, greatly exaggerating the signatories' constituency. This rhetorical inflation sought to make their concerns appear broadly shared rather than narrowly sectarian, increasing pressure on the king.

Ancient Near Eastern correspondence followed strict formal conventions, and this letter exemplifies standard elements: identification of senders, deferential address to the king, and formulaic greetings. Understanding these conventions helps distinguish between legitimate concerns and manipulative flattery designed to advance partisan agendas under guise of imperial service.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Ancient royal correspondence required elaborate protocols. Improper address could result in letters being ignored or senders punished. The formulaic nature wasn't merely stylistic but reflected the hierarchical nature of imperial administration. Provincial officials had to maintain proper deference while ensuring their concerns received serious attention.

The phrase 'on this side the river' (Trans-Euphrates) identified the writers' location within the empire's administrative geography. Persian organization divided the vast empire into satrapies, each subdivided into provinces. Understanding one's place in this hierarchy was essential for effective communication with the imperial center.

The timing of this letter during Artaxerxes' reign is significant. Earlier opposition under Xerxes had failed to stop the temple completion under Darius. Now opponents adapted their strategy, focusing on Jerusalem's walls rather than the temple, attempting to exploit different imperial concerns about security and rebellion.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does Scripture's inclusion of hostile documents teach about biblical honesty and historical reliability?
  2. How do opponents of God's work still use rhetorical inflation and false claims of broad representation today?
  3. What discernment is needed to recognize when deferential language masks manipulative intent?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 14 words
דְּנָה֙1 of 14

This

H1836

this

פַּרְשֶׁ֣גֶן2 of 14

is the copy

H6573

a transcript

אִגַּרְתָּ֔א3 of 14

of the letter

H104

an epistle (as carried by a state courier or postman)

דִּ֚י4 of 14

that

H1768

that, used as relative conjunction, and especially (with a preposition) in adverbial phrases; also as preposition of

שְׁלַ֣חוּ5 of 14

they sent

H7972

to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)

עַל6 of 14

unto him

H5922

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

עַל7 of 14

unto him

H5922

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

אַרְתַּחְשַׁ֖שְׂתְּא8 of 14

even unto Artaxerxes

H783

artachshasta (or artaxerxes), a title (rather than name) of several persian kings

מַלְכָּ֑א9 of 14

the king

H4430

a king

עַבְדֶ֛יךְ10 of 14

Thy servants

H5649

a servant

אֱנָ֥שׁ11 of 14

the men

H606

a man

עֲבַֽר12 of 14

on this side

H5675

properly, a region across; but used only adverbially (with or without a preposition) on the opposite side (especially of the jordan; ususally meaning

נַהֲרָ֖ה13 of 14

the river

H5103

a river, especially the euphrates

וּכְעֶֽנֶת׃14 of 14

and at such a time

H3706

thus (only in the formula 'and so forth')


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Ezra. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Ezra 4:11 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

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