King James Version

What Does Ezra 2:40 Mean?

Ezra 2:40 in the King James Version says “The Levites: the children of Jeshua and Kadmiel, of the children of Hodaviah, seventy and four. Hodaviah: or, Judah call... — study this verse from Ezra chapter 2 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

The Levites: the children of Jeshua and Kadmiel, of the children of Hodaviah, seventy and four. Hodaviah: or, Judah called also Hodevah

Ezra 2:40 · KJV


Context

38

The children of Pashur, a thousand two hundred forty and seven.

39

The children of Harim, a thousand and seventeen .

40

The Levites: the children of Jeshua and Kadmiel, of the children of Hodaviah, seventy and four. Hodaviah: or, Judah called also Hodevah

41

The singers: the children of Asaph, an hundred twenty and eight.

42

The children of the porters: the children of Shallum, the children of Ater, the children of Talmon, the children of Akkub, the children of Hatita, the children of Shobai, in all an hundred thirty and nine.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The Levites: the children of Jeshua and Kadmiel (הַלְוִיִּם בְּנֵי־יֵשׁוּעַ לְקַדְמִיאֵל)—The shift to haleviyim (the Levites) marks a dramatic statistical change: only 74 Levites returned versus 4,289 priests (vv. 36-39), a ratio of 1:58. This severe underrepresentation suggests most Levites (assistants to priests, musicians, gatekeepers) had assimilated into Babylonian society. The name Jeshua means 'Yahweh saves,' while Kadmiel means 'God is ancient/eternal'—together proclaiming salvation through the eternal God.

Levites' duties included teaching Torah (Deuteronomy 33:10), suggesting this low return rate meant a knowledge deficit in restored Judah. The mention of Hodaviah (meaning 'praise Yahweh') as their ancestor emphasizes the worship dimension of Levitical service. Later, Levites would lead national repentance (Nehemiah 9:4-5), their small numbers making their spiritual impact even more remarkable—quality over quantity in God's economy.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Levites received no land inheritance, depending on tithes from the other tribes (Numbers 18:21-24). The exile's disruption of agricultural economy likely pushed Levites into trades, making return economically difficult. Their low response rate (74 vs. thousands expected) created severe staffing shortages, later necessitating recruiting efforts (Ezra 8:15-20). This scarcity made those who did return especially valuable.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does the severe underrepresentation of Levites (74 vs. 4,289 priests) suggest about the cost of ministry roles that depend on others' generosity?
  2. How does the low Levite return rate challenge modern assumptions about who will staff restoration efforts—and why many qualified people decline?
  3. In what ways might God use a 'faithful remnant' within a remnant to accomplish His purposes more effectively than large numbers?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 8 words
הַלְוִיִּ֑ם1 of 8

The Levites

H3881

a levite or descendant of levi

לִבְנֵ֥י2 of 8

of the children

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

יֵשׁ֧וּעַ3 of 8

of Jeshua

H3442

jeshua, the name of ten israelites, also of a place in palestine

וְקַדְמִיאֵ֛ל4 of 8

and Kadmiel

H6934

kadmiel, the name of three israelites

לִבְנֵ֥י5 of 8

of the children

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

הֽוֹדַוְיָ֖ה6 of 8

of Hodaviah

H1938

hodavjah, the name of three israelites

שִׁבְעִ֥ים7 of 8

seventy

H7657

seventy

וְאַרְבָּעָֽה׃8 of 8

and four

H702

four


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Ezra. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Ezra 2:40 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Ezra 2:40 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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