King James Version

What Does Ezekiel 29:13 Mean?

Ezekiel 29:13 in the King James Version says “Yet thus saith the Lord GOD; At the end of forty years will I gather the Egyptians from the people whither they were sca... — study this verse from Ezekiel chapter 29 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Yet thus saith the Lord GOD; At the end of forty years will I gather the Egyptians from the people whither they were scattered:

Ezekiel 29:13 · KJV


Context

11

No foot of man shall pass through it, nor foot of beast shall pass through it, neither shall it be inhabited forty years.

12

And I will make the land of Egypt desolate in the midst of the countries that are desolate, and her cities among the cities that are laid waste shall be desolate forty years: and I will scatter the Egyptians among the nations, and will disperse them through the countries.

13

Yet thus saith the Lord GOD; At the end of forty years will I gather the Egyptians from the people whither they were scattered:

14

And I will bring again the captivity of Egypt, and will cause them to return into the land of Pathros, into the land of their habitation; and they shall be there a base kingdom. habitation: or, birth base: Heb. low

15

It shall be the basest of the kingdoms; neither shall it exalt itself any more above the nations: for I will diminish them, that they shall no more rule over the nations.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Yet thus saith the Lord GOD; At the end of forty years will I gather the Egyptians from the people whither they were scattered introduces hope. Unlike Israel's permanent exile of northern kingdom, Egypt will be restored after forty years. This demonstrates measured justice—judgment is severe but not eternal. God's justice is perfectly calibrated, not excessive. The promise of gathering after forty years shows that judgment serves remedial purposes. God disciplines to correct, not merely to punish. Even pagan nations receive measured judgment designed to accomplish divine purposes rather than vindictive destruction.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Egypt did recover limited independence after Persian conquest and continued to exist (unlike Assyria or later Babylon which disappeared). Though never regaining former glory, Egypt survived as a nation. The forty-year desolation ended, and population returned. This partial restoration differs from Israel's eventual messianic restoration but demonstrates God's mercy even in judgment of pagan nations.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does measured justice differ from vindictive punishment?
  2. What does restoration after forty years teach about judgment's purposes?
  3. Why does God show mercy even to pagan nations that defied Him?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 16 words
כִּ֛י1 of 16
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

כֹּ֥ה2 of 16
H3541

properly, like this, i.e., by implication, (of manner) thus (or so); also (of place) here (or hither); or (of time) now

אָמַ֖ר3 of 16

Yet thus saith

H559

to say (used with great latitude)

אֲדֹנָ֣י4 of 16

the Lord

H136

the lord (used as a proper name of god only)

יְהוִ֑ה5 of 16

GOD

H3069

god

מִקֵּ֞ץ6 of 16

At the end

H7093

an extremity; adverbially (with prepositional prefix) after

אַרְבָּעִ֤ים7 of 16

of forty

H705

forty

שָׁנָה֙8 of 16

years

H8141

a year (as a revolution of time)

אֲקַבֵּ֣ץ9 of 16

will I gather

H6908

to grasp, i.e., collect

אֶת10 of 16
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

מִצְרַ֔יִם11 of 16

the Egyptians

H4714

mitsrajim, i.e., upper and lower egypt

מִן12 of 16
H4480

properly, a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses

הָעַמִּ֖ים13 of 16

from the people

H5971

a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock

אֲשֶׁר14 of 16
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

נָפֹ֥צוּ15 of 16

whither they were scattered

H6327

to dash in pieces, literally or figuratively (especially to disperse)

שָֽׁמָּה׃16 of 16
H8033

there (transferring to time) then; often thither, or thence


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Ezekiel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Ezekiel 29:13 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Ezekiel 29:13 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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