King James Version

What Does Ezekiel 2:10 Mean?

Ezekiel 2:10 in the King James Version says “And he spread it before me; and it was written within and without: and there was written therein lamentations, and mourn... — study this verse from Ezekiel chapter 2 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And he spread it before me; and it was written within and without: and there was written therein lamentations, and mourning, and woe.

Ezekiel 2:10 · KJV


Context

8

But thou, son of man, hear what I say unto thee; Be not thou rebellious like that rebellious house: open thy mouth, and eat that I give thee.

9

And when I looked, behold, an hand was sent unto me; and, lo, a roll of a book was therein;

10

And he spread it before me; and it was written within and without: and there was written therein lamentations, and mourning, and woe.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The scroll "written within and without" (both sides) signifies the comprehensive and complete nature of God's revealed judgment. Typically, only one side of a scroll was used; writing on both sides indicated unusual abundance of content. The message contains "lamentations, mourning, and woe"—threefold emphasis on sorrowful judgment. This comprehensiveness foreshadows the total devastation coming upon Jerusalem and warns that God's patience has limits. The Reformed understanding of God's holiness and justice appears here: sin cannot go unpunished, and when judgment comes, it will be thorough and complete.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

In 593 BC, the scroll's message of comprehensive judgment seemed excessive to the exiles who expected quick restoration. However, within seven years, Jerusalem would be completely destroyed (586 BC), the temple burned, the Davidic king blinded and exiled, and the population slaughtered or scattered. The "lamentations" predicted in Ezekiel found expression in Jeremiah's Lamentations, which graphically describes Jerusalem's devastation. The double-sided scroll's unusual format emphasized the extraordinary nature of the coming judgment—unprecedented in Israel's history until the Roman destruction in AD 70.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does the comprehensiveness of God's judgment in Ezekiel inform our understanding of eternal punishment?
  2. What does the scroll containing only lamentations teach about God's response to persistent covenant unfaithfulness?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 12 words
וַיִּפְרֹ֤שׂ1 of 12

And he spread

H6566

to break apart, disperse, etc

אוֹתָהּ֙2 of 12
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

פָּנִ֣ים3 of 12

it before

H6440

the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi

וְהִ֥יא4 of 12
H1931

he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo

וְכָת֣וּב5 of 12

and there was written

H3789

to grave, by implication, to write (describe, inscribe, prescribe, subscribe)

פָּנִ֣ים6 of 12

it before

H6440

the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi

וְאָח֑וֹר7 of 12

and without

H268

the hinder part; hence (adverb) behind, backward; also (as facing north) the west

וְכָת֣וּב8 of 12

and there was written

H3789

to grave, by implication, to write (describe, inscribe, prescribe, subscribe)

אֵלֶ֔יהָ9 of 12
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

קִנִ֥ים10 of 12

therein lamentations

H7015

a dirge (as accompanied by beating the breasts or on instruments)

וָהֶ֖גֶה11 of 12

and mourning

H1899

a muttering (in sighing, thought, or as thunder)

וָהִֽי׃12 of 12

and woe

H1958

lamentation


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Ezekiel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Ezekiel 2:10 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Ezekiel 2:10 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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