King James Version

What Does Exodus 5:1 Mean?

Exodus 5:1 in the King James Version says “And afterward Moses and Aaron went in, and told Pharaoh, Thus saith the LORD God of Israel, Let my people go, that they ... — study this verse from Exodus chapter 5 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And afterward Moses and Aaron went in, and told Pharaoh, Thus saith the LORD God of Israel, Let my people go, that they may hold a feast unto me in the wilderness.

Exodus 5:1 · KJV


Context

1

And afterward Moses and Aaron went in, and told Pharaoh, Thus saith the LORD God of Israel, Let my people go, that they may hold a feast unto me in the wilderness.

2

And Pharaoh said, Who is the LORD, that I should obey his voice to let Israel go? I know not the LORD, neither will I let Israel go.

3

And they said, The God of the Hebrews hath met with us: let us go, we pray thee, three days' journey into the desert, and sacrifice unto the LORD our God; lest he fall upon us with pestilence, or with the sword.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Moses and Aaron's first confrontation uses the covenant name יְהוָה (YHWH) and the title 'God of Israel,' asserting divine authority over Pharaoh. The request for a three-day journey to 'hold a feast' (חָגַג, chagag) subtly tests Pharaoh's willingness to acknowledge Israel's God. This diplomatic approach demonstrates that hardening comes from Pharaoh's rejection, not arbitrary divine action.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Ancient Near Eastern protocol required approaching kings through formal channels. Moses and Aaron's direct access to Pharaoh suggests their standing as Egyptian-educated leaders. The request to worship in the wilderness follows patterns of religious pilgrimages common in the ancient world.

Reflection Questions

  1. When have you witnessed God's authority confronting worldly power structures?
  2. How does Moses's respectful but firm approach model engaging with hostile authorities?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 18 words
וְאַחַ֗ר1 of 18

And afterward

H310

properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)

בָּ֚אוּ2 of 18

went in

H935

to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)

מֹשֶׁ֣ה3 of 18

Moses

H4872

mosheh, the israelite lawgiver

וְאַֽהֲרֹ֔ן4 of 18

and Aaron

H175

aharon, the brother of moses

אָמַ֤ר5 of 18

Thus saith

H559

to say (used with great latitude)

אֶל6 of 18
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

פַּרְעֹ֑ה7 of 18

Pharaoh

H6547

paroh, a general title of egyptian kings

כֹּֽה8 of 18
H3541

properly, like this, i.e., by implication, (of manner) thus (or so); also (of place) here (or hither); or (of time) now

אָמַ֤ר9 of 18

Thus saith

H559

to say (used with great latitude)

יְהוָה֙10 of 18

the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

אֱלֹהֵ֣י11 of 18

God

H430

gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of

יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל12 of 18

of Israel

H3478

he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity

שַׁלַּח֙13 of 18

go

H7971

to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)

אֶת14 of 18
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

עַמִּ֔י15 of 18

Let my people

H5971

a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock

וְיָחֹ֥גּוּ16 of 18

that they may hold a feast

H2287

properly, to move in a circle, i.e., (specifically) to march in a sacred procession, to observe a festival; by implication, to be giddy

לִ֖י17 of 18
H0
בַּמִּדְבָּֽר׃18 of 18

unto me in the wilderness

H4057

a pasture (i.e., open field, whither cattle are driven); by implication, a desert


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 5:1 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Exodus 5:1 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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