King James Version

What Does Exodus 39:20 Mean?

And they made two other golden rings, and put them on the two sides of the ephod underneath, toward the forepart of it, over against the other coupling thereof, above the curious girdle of the ephod.

Exodus 39:20 · KJV


Context

18

And the two ends of the two wreathen chains they fastened in the two ouches, and put them on the shoulderpieces of the ephod, before it.

19

And they made two rings of gold, and put them on the two ends of the breastplate, upon the border of it, which was on the side of the ephod inward.

20

And they made two other golden rings, and put them on the two sides of the ephod underneath, toward the forepart of it, over against the other coupling thereof, above the curious girdle of the ephod.

21

And they did bind the breastplate by his rings unto the rings of the ephod with a lace of blue, that it might be above the curious girdle of the ephod, and that the breastplate might not be loosed from the ephod; as the LORD commanded Moses.

22

And he made the robe of the ephod of woven work, all of blue.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Two more golden rings on the ephod's lower front, 'underneath' and 'over against the other coupling,' created attachment points for the breastplate's lower rings. The phrase 'over against' (לְעֻמַּת, le-umat, corresponding to) indicates precise alignment—divine design tolerates no sloppiness. The 'coupling' (מַחְבַּרְתּוֹ, machbarto, joining) reference shows how multiple connection points create secure unity. This multi-point attachment system prefigures believers' multi-faceted union with Christ—justified, adopted, sanctified, sealed—secured through numerous covenant bonds, not a single fragile thread.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The rings' position 'underneath' meant they connected on the ephod's underside, invisible to observers but essential for function. This hidden engineering ensured the breastplate remained properly positioned even during the high priest's vigorous sacrificial activities.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does your multi-faceted union with Christ (justification, adoption, sealing) provide layered security?
  2. What does God's precision in alignment ('over against') teach about His ordered, purposeful design for the church?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 17 words
וַֽיַּעֲשׂוּ֮1 of 17

And they made

H6213

to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application

שְׁתֵּי֩2 of 17

them on the two

H8147

two; also (as ordinal) twofold

טַבְּעֹ֣ת3 of 17

rings

H2885

properly, a seal (as sunk into the wax), i.e., signet (for sealing); hence (generally) a ring of any kind

זָהָב֒4 of 17

other golden

H2091

gold, figuratively, something gold-colored (i.e., yellow), as oil, a clear sky

וַֽיִּתְּנֻ֡ם5 of 17

and put

H5414

to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)

עַל6 of 17
H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

שְׁתֵּי֩7 of 17

them on the two

H8147

two; also (as ordinal) twofold

כִתְפֹ֨ת8 of 17

sides

H3802

the shoulder (proper, i.e., upper end of the arm; as being the spot where the garments hang); figuratively, side-piece or lateral projection of anythi

הָֽאֵפֹֽד׃9 of 17

of the ephod

H646

a girdle; specifically the ephod or highpriest's shoulder-piece; also generally, an image

מִלְמַ֙טָּה֙10 of 17

underneath

H4295

downward, below or beneath; often adverbially with or without prefixes

מִמּ֣וּל11 of 17

toward

H4136

properly, abrupt, i.e., a precipice; by implication, the front; used only adverbially (with prepositional prefix) opposite

פָּנָ֔יו12 of 17

the forepart

H6440

the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi

לְעֻמַּ֖ת13 of 17

of it over against

H5980

conjunction, i.e., society; mostly adverb or preposition (with prepositional prefix), near, beside, along with

מֶחְבַּרְתּ֑וֹ14 of 17

the other coupling

H4225

a junction, i.e., seam or sewed piece

מִמַּ֕עַל15 of 17

thereof above

H4605

properly,the upper part, used only adverbially with prefix upward, above, overhead, from the top, etc

לְחֵ֖שֶׁב16 of 17

the curious girdle

H2805

a belt or strap (as being interlaced)

הָֽאֵפֹֽד׃17 of 17

of the ephod

H646

a girdle; specifically the ephod or highpriest's shoulder-piece; also generally, an image


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 39:20 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Exodus 39:20 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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