King James Version

What Does Exodus 39:2 Mean?

Exodus 39:2 in the King James Version says “And he made the ephod of gold, blue, and purple, and scarlet , and fine twined linen. — study this verse from Exodus chapter 39 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And he made the ephod of gold, blue, and purple, and scarlet , and fine twined linen.

Exodus 39:2 · KJV


Context

1

And of the blue, and purple, and scarlet , they made cloths of service, to do service in the holy place, and made the holy garments for Aaron; as the LORD commanded Moses.

2

And he made the ephod of gold, blue, and purple, and scarlet , and fine twined linen.

3

And they did beat the gold into thin plates, and cut it into wires, to work it in the blue, and in the purple, and in the scarlet , and in the fine linen, with cunning work.

4

They made shoulderpieces for it, to couple it together: by the two edges was it coupled together.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The ephod's construction with gold, blue, purple, scarlet, and fine linen (אֵפוֹד, ephod) combines heaven's glory (blue), royalty (purple), sacrifice (scarlet), and righteousness (white linen). Bezalel's work fulfills God's exact pattern, teaching that acceptable worship requires divine prescription, not human innovation. The golden threads woven through colored fabrics symbolize deity permeating humanity—fulfilled when Christ, clothed in perfect righteousness, bore our sins. This garment enabled Aaron to bear the names of Israel on his shoulders (v. 7), prefiguring Christ who carries His people in strength (Isaiah 9:6).

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Historical & Cultural Context

The ephod, described in Exodus 28:6-14, served as the high priest's distinctive outer garment. Its construction after the golden calf apostasy (ch 32) demonstrates God's gracious restoration of priestly mediation. The skilled artisans' faithful execution contrasts sharply with their earlier crafting of the idol.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does the ephod's specified materials teach that approaching God requires both divine glory and sacrificial covering?
  2. What does Christ bearing believers' names on His shoulders reveal about the security of your salvation?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 10 words
וַיַּ֖עַשׂ1 of 10

And he made

H6213

to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application

אֶת2 of 10
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

הָֽאֵפֹ֑ד3 of 10

the ephod

H646

a girdle; specifically the ephod or highpriest's shoulder-piece; also generally, an image

זָהָ֗ב4 of 10

of gold

H2091

gold, figuratively, something gold-colored (i.e., yellow), as oil, a clear sky

תְּכֵ֧לֶת5 of 10

blue

H8504

the cerulean mussel, i.e., the color (violet) obtained therefrom or stuff dyed therewith

וְאַרְגָּמָ֛ן6 of 10

and purple

H713

purple (the color or the dyed stuff)

וְתוֹלַ֥עַת7 of 10

and scarlet

H8438

a maggot (as voracious); specifically (often with ellipsis of h8144) the crimson-grub, but used only (in this connection) of the color from it, and cl

שָׁנִ֖י8 of 10
H8144

crimson, properly, the insect or its color, also stuff dyed with it

וְשֵׁ֥שׁ9 of 10

linen

H8336

bleached stuff, i.e., white linen or (by analogy) marble

מָשְׁזָֽר׃10 of 10

and fine twined

H7806

to twist (a thread of straw)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 39:2 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Exodus 39:2 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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