King James Version

What Does Exodus 39:3 Mean?

Exodus 39:3 in the King James Version says “And they did beat the gold into thin plates, and cut it into wires, to work it in the blue, and in the purple, and in th... — study this verse from Exodus chapter 39 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And they did beat the gold into thin plates, and cut it into wires, to work it in the blue, and in the purple, and in the scarlet , and in the fine linen, with cunning work.

Exodus 39:3 · KJV


Context

1

And of the blue, and purple, and scarlet , they made cloths of service, to do service in the holy place, and made the holy garments for Aaron; as the LORD commanded Moses.

2

And he made the ephod of gold, blue, and purple, and scarlet , and fine twined linen.

3

And they did beat the gold into thin plates, and cut it into wires, to work it in the blue, and in the purple, and in the scarlet , and in the fine linen, with cunning work.

4

They made shoulderpieces for it, to couple it together: by the two edges was it coupled together.

5

And the curious girdle of his ephod, that was upon it, was of the same, according to the work thereof; of gold, blue, and purple, and scarlet , and fine twined linen; as the LORD commanded Moses.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Beating gold into thin plates and cutting it into wires (לְעַשּׂוֹת, la'asot, to work) demonstrates painstaking craftsmanship for God's glory. The gold threads woven throughout the ephod illustrate divine presence permeating priestly ministry—gold signifies deity, the fabric humanity. This prefigures the incarnation where deity and humanity unite perfectly in Christ. The 'cunning work' (חֹשֵׁב, choshev, artistic design) teaches that worship of the holy God demands our finest skill and utmost care, not casual or careless offerings.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Gold working was highly developed in the ancient Near East, but Israel's artisans learned Egyptian techniques during their sojourn. The use of such elaborate metalwork for worship, rather than idols, redirected pagan craftsmanship to glorify YHWH alone.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does the painstaking gold work teach about the care and excellence God deserves in worship?
  2. How does gold woven through fabric prefigure the mystery of Christ's two natures in one person?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 18 words
וַֽיְרַקְּע֞וּ1 of 18

And they did beat

H7554

to pound the earth (as a sign of passion); by analogy to expand (by hammering); by implication, to overlay (with thin sheets of metal)

אֶת2 of 18

into

H854

properly, nearness (used only as a preposition or an adverb), near; hence, generally, with, by, at, among, etc

פַּחֵ֣י3 of 18

thin plates

H6341

a (metallic) sheet (as pounded thin)

הַזָּהָב֮4 of 18

the gold

H2091

gold, figuratively, something gold-colored (i.e., yellow), as oil, a clear sky

וְקִצֵּ֣ץ5 of 18

and cut

H7112

to chop off (literally or figuratively)

פְּתִילִם֒6 of 18

it into wires

H6616

twine

לַֽעֲשׂ֗וֹת7 of 18

to work

H6213

to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application

בְּת֤וֹךְ8 of 18
H8432

a bisection, i.e., (by implication) the center

הַתְּכֵ֙לֶת֙9 of 18

it in the blue

H8504

the cerulean mussel, i.e., the color (violet) obtained therefrom or stuff dyed therewith

וּבְת֣וֹךְ10 of 18
H8432

a bisection, i.e., (by implication) the center

הָֽאַרְגָּמָ֔ן11 of 18

and in the purple

H713

purple (the color or the dyed stuff)

וּבְת֛וֹךְ12 of 18
H8432

a bisection, i.e., (by implication) the center

תּוֹלַ֥עַת13 of 18
H8438

a maggot (as voracious); specifically (often with ellipsis of h8144) the crimson-grub, but used only (in this connection) of the color from it, and cl

הַשָּׁנִ֖י14 of 18

and in the scarlet

H8144

crimson, properly, the insect or its color, also stuff dyed with it

וּבְת֣וֹךְ15 of 18
H8432

a bisection, i.e., (by implication) the center

הַשֵּׁ֑שׁ16 of 18

and in the fine linen

H8336

bleached stuff, i.e., white linen or (by analogy) marble

מַֽעֲשֵׂ֖ה17 of 18

work

H4639

an action (good or bad); generally, a transaction; abstractly, activity; by implication, a product (specifically, a poem) or (generally) property

חֹשֵֽׁב׃18 of 18

with cunning

H2803

properly, to plait or interpenetrate, i.e., (literally) to weave or (generally) to fabricate; figuratively, to plot or contrive (usually in a maliciou


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 39:3 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Exodus 39:3 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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