King James Version

What Does Exodus 35:9 Mean?

Exodus 35:9 in the King James Version says “And onyx stones, and stones to be set for the ephod, and for the breastplate. — study this verse from Exodus chapter 35 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And onyx stones, and stones to be set for the ephod, and for the breastplate.

Exodus 35:9 · KJV


Context

7

And rams' skins dyed red, and badgers' skins, and shittim wood,

8

And oil for the light, and spices for anointing oil, and for the sweet incense,

9

And onyx stones, and stones to be set for the ephod, and for the breastplate.

10

And every wise hearted among you shall come, and make all that the LORD hath commanded;

11

The tabernacle, his tent, and his covering, his taches, and his boards, his bars, his pillars, and his sockets,


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Oil for the light (שֶׁמֶן לַמָּאוֹר, shemen la-ma'or) kept the golden lampstand burning continually, symbolizing God's perpetual presence and the Spirit's illumination. Spices for anointing oil (שֶׁמֶן הַמִּשְׁחָה, shemen ha-mishchah) set apart priests and furnishings as holy unto the LORD—the same root as 'Messiah' (מָשִׁיחַ, mashiach, 'anointed one'). Sweet incense (קְטֹרֶת הַסַּמִּים, ketoret ha-sammim) symbolized prayers ascending to God (Psalm 141:2, Revelation 5:8).

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Historical & Cultural Context

Pure olive oil was beaten (crushed), not pressed, producing the clearest burning oil. The specific spices for anointing oil included myrrh, cinnamon, calamus, and cassia (30:23-24)—costly imports demonstrating the value placed on consecration. Incense ingredients included stacte, onycha, galbanum, and frankincense (30:34).

Reflection Questions

  1. How do the oil, anointing spices, and incense each symbolize different aspects of spiritual life and worship?
  2. In what ways does the anointing oil foreshadow Christ as the ultimate Anointed One?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 6 words
וְאַבְנֵ֖י1 of 6

and stones

H68

a stone

שֹׁ֔הַם2 of 6

And onyx

H7718

a gem, probably the beryl (from its pale green color)

וְאַבְנֵ֖י3 of 6

and stones

H68

a stone

מִלֻּאִ֑ים4 of 6

to be set

H4394

a fulfilling (only in plural), i.e., (literally) a setting (of gems), or (technically) consecration (also concretely, a dedicatory sacrifice)

לָֽאֵפ֖וֹד5 of 6

for the ephod

H646

a girdle; specifically the ephod or highpriest's shoulder-piece; also generally, an image

וְלַחֹֽשֶׁן׃6 of 6

and for the breastplate

H2833

perhaps a pocket (as holding the urim and thummim), or rich (as containing gems), used only of the gorget of the highpriest


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 35:9 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Exodus 35:9 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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