King James Version

What Does Exodus 34:32 Mean?

Exodus 34:32 in the King James Version says “And afterward all the children of Israel came nigh: and he gave them in commandment all that the LORD had spoken with hi... — study this verse from Exodus chapter 34 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And afterward all the children of Israel came nigh: and he gave them in commandment all that the LORD had spoken with him in mount Sinai.

Exodus 34:32 · KJV


Context

30

And when Aaron and all the children of Israel saw Moses, behold, the skin of his face shone; and they were afraid to come nigh him.

31

And Moses called unto them; and Aaron and all the rulers of the congregation returned unto him: and Moses talked with them.

32

And afterward all the children of Israel came nigh: and he gave them in commandment all that the LORD had spoken with him in mount Sinai.

33

And till Moses had done speaking with them, he put a vail on his face.

34

But when Moses went in before the LORD to speak with him, he took the vail off, until he came out. And he came out, and spake unto the children of Israel that which he was commanded.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
God will send His 'terror' (אֵימָה, eimah—dread/fear) before Israel, destroying (הָמַם, hamam—throw into confusion) enemies and causing them to flee in panic. This is psychological/spiritual warfare—God fights not just through Israel's armies but by breaking the will of their enemies. The 'back of the neck' (עֹרֶף, oreph) depicts fleeing enemies. Victory comes from God, not military might.

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Historical & Cultural Context

This promise was fulfilled repeatedly: fear of Israel paralyzed Jericho (Josh 2:9-11), terror struck the Midianites (Judg 7:21-22), and dread fell on nations during David's conquests (1 Chr 14:17). Psychological defeat preceded military defeat.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does God fight spiritual battles on your behalf before you even engage?
  2. What does it mean that 'the fear of the LORD' works on your behalf against spiritual enemies?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 15 words
וְאַֽחֲרֵי1 of 15

And afterward

H310

properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)

כֵ֥ן2 of 15
H3651

properly, set upright; hence (figuratively as adjective) just; but usually (as adverb or conjunction) rightly or so (in various applications to manner

נִגְּשׁ֖וּ3 of 15

came nigh

H5066

to be or come (causatively, bring) near (for any purpose); euphemistically, to lie with a woman; as an enemy, to attack; religious to worship; causati

כָּל4 of 15
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

בְּנֵ֣י5 of 15

all the children

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל6 of 15

of Israel

H3478

he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity

וַיְצַוֵּ֕ם7 of 15

and he gave them in commandment

H6680

(intensively) to constitute, enjoin

אֵת֩8 of 15
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

כָּל9 of 15
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

אֲשֶׁ֨ר10 of 15
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

דִּבֶּ֧ר11 of 15

had spoken

H1696

perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue

יְהוָ֛ה12 of 15

all that the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

אִתּ֖וֹ13 of 15
H854

properly, nearness (used only as a preposition or an adverb), near; hence, generally, with, by, at, among, etc

בְּהַ֥ר14 of 15

with him in mount

H2022

a mountain or range of hills (sometimes used figuratively)

סִינָֽי׃15 of 15

Sinai

H5514

sinai, mountain of arabia


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 34:32 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Exodus 34:32 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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