King James Version

What Does Exodus 25:18 Mean?

Exodus 25:18 in the King James Version says “And thou shalt make two cherubims of gold, of beaten work shalt thou make them, in the two ends of the mercy seat. — study this verse from Exodus chapter 25 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And thou shalt make two cherubims of gold, of beaten work shalt thou make them, in the two ends of the mercy seat.

Exodus 25:18 · KJV


Context

16

And thou shalt put into the ark the testimony which I shall give thee.

17

And thou shalt make a mercy seat of pure gold: two cubits and a half shall be the length thereof, and a cubit and a half the breadth thereof.

18

And thou shalt make two cherubims of gold, of beaten work shalt thou make them, in the two ends of the mercy seat.

19

And make one cherub on the one end, and the other cherub on the other end: even of the mercy seat shall ye make the cherubims on the two ends thereof. of: or, of the matter of the mercy seat

20

And the cherubims shall stretch forth their wings on high, covering the mercy seat with their wings, and their faces shall look one to another; toward the mercy seat shall the faces of the cherubims be.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Two cherubim of beaten gold form one piece with the mercy seat—not separate additions but integral to it. Cherubim, the guardians of God's holiness (Genesis 3:24, Ezekiel 10), flank the throne. Their unity with the mercy seat shows that at the atonement, holiness is satisfied, no longer excluding but protecting restored fellowship. They prefigure angels who 'desire to look into' salvation (1 Peter 1:12).

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Beaten work (מִקְשָׁה, miqshah) required skillful hammering of solid gold, creating the cherubim and mercy seat from a single piece. This one-piece construction ensured the mercy seat could never be separated from its guardians of holiness.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does atonement satisfy rather than circumvent God's holiness?
  2. Why are even angels fascinated by the mercy shown at the place of atonement?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 10 words
תַּֽעֲשֶׂ֣ה1 of 10

And thou shalt make

H6213

to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application

מִשְּׁנֵ֖י2 of 10

them in the two

H8147

two; also (as ordinal) twofold

כְּרֻבִ֖ים3 of 10

cherubims

H3742

a cherub or imaginary figure

זָהָ֑ב4 of 10

of gold

H2091

gold, figuratively, something gold-colored (i.e., yellow), as oil, a clear sky

מִקְשָׁה֙5 of 10

of beaten work

H4749

rounded work, i.e., moulded by hammering (repousse)

תַּֽעֲשֶׂ֣ה6 of 10

And thou shalt make

H6213

to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application

אֹתָ֔ם7 of 10
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

מִשְּׁנֵ֖י8 of 10

them in the two

H8147

two; also (as ordinal) twofold

קְצ֥וֹת9 of 10

ends

H7098

a termination

הַכַּפֹּֽרֶת׃10 of 10

of the mercy seat

H3727

a lid (used only of the cover of the sacred ark)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 25:18 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Exodus 25:18 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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