King James Version

What Does Exodus 24:9 Mean?

Exodus 24:9 in the King James Version says “Then went up Moses, and Aaron, Nadab, and Abihu, and seventy of the elders of Israel: — study this verse from Exodus chapter 24 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Then went up Moses, and Aaron, Nadab, and Abihu, and seventy of the elders of Israel:

Exodus 24:9 · KJV


Context

7

And he took the book of the covenant, and read in the audience of the people: and they said, All that the LORD hath said will we do, and be obedient.

8

And Moses took the blood, and sprinkled it on the people, and said, Behold the blood of the covenant, which the LORD hath made with you concerning all these words.

9

Then went up Moses, and Aaron, Nadab, and Abihu, and seventy of the elders of Israel:

10

And they saw the God of Israel: and there was under his feet as it were a paved work of a sapphire stone, and as it were the body of heaven in his clearness.

11

And upon the nobles of the children of Israel he laid not his hand: also they saw God, and did eat and drink.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Then went up Moses, and Aaron, Nadab, and Abihu, and seventy of the elders of Israel;

After covenant ratification, the representatives ascend—Moses, Aaron, his two oldest sons, and seventy elders (74 total). This fulfills verse 1's command. They climb to see God (v. 10), an unprecedented privilege. The number seventy reappears throughout Scripture: seventy nations (Genesis 10), seventy in Jacob's family entering Egypt (Exodus 1:5), Jesus sends seventy disciples (Luke 10:1). Seventy represents completeness, fullness—these elders comprehensively represent Israel. Their witness validates covenant ratification—multiple credible witnesses confirm the event.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Seventy elders likely included tribal heads and family patriarchs. The Sanhedrin (Jewish ruling council) later numbered seventy (plus the high priest), possibly based on this precedent. Multiple witnesses ensured legal validity.

Reflection Questions

  1. Why does God allow seventy elders (not just Moses) to see Him—what does multiple witnesses accomplish?
  2. How does the number seventy throughout Scripture symbolize completeness or fullness?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 8 words
וַיַּ֥עַל1 of 8

Then went up

H5927

to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative

מֹשֶׁ֖ה2 of 8

Moses

H4872

mosheh, the israelite lawgiver

וְאַֽהֲרֹ֑ן3 of 8

and Aaron

H175

aharon, the brother of moses

נָדָב֙4 of 8

Nadab

H5070

nadab, the name of four israelites

וַֽאֲבִיה֔וּא5 of 8

and Abihu

H30

abihu, a son of aaron

וְשִׁבְעִ֖ים6 of 8

and seventy

H7657

seventy

מִזִּקְנֵ֥י7 of 8

of the elders

H2205

old

יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃8 of 8

of Israel

H3478

he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 24:9 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Exodus 24:9 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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