King James Version

What Does Exodus 17:10 Mean?

Exodus 17:10 in the King James Version says “So Joshua did as Moses had said to him, and fought with Amalek: and Moses, Aaron, and Hur went up to the top of the hill... — study this verse from Exodus chapter 17 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

So Joshua did as Moses had said to him, and fought with Amalek: and Moses, Aaron, and Hur went up to the top of the hill.

Exodus 17:10 · KJV


Context

8

Then came Amalek, and fought with Israel in Rephidim.

9

And Moses said unto Joshua, Choose us out men, and go out, fight with Amalek: to morrow I will stand on the top of the hill with the rod of God in mine hand. Joshua: called Jesus

10

So Joshua did as Moses had said to him, and fought with Amalek: and Moses, Aaron, and Hur went up to the top of the hill.

11

And it came to pass, when Moses held up his hand, that Israel prevailed: and when he let down his hand, Amalek prevailed.

12

But Moses' hands were heavy; and they took a stone, and put it under him, and he sat thereon; and Aaron and Hur stayed up his hands, the one on the one side, and the other on the other side; and his hands were steady until the going down of the sun.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
So Joshua did as Moses had said to him, and fought with Amalek: and Moses, Aaron, and Hur went up to the top of the hill—Joshua's obedience without question models military discipline and faith. The separation of roles—Joshua in valley fighting, Moses on mountain interceding—establishes the warfare pattern: believers fight earthly battles while Christ intercedes in heavenly places (Heb 7:25). The presence of Aaron (priest) and Hur (otherwise unknown, possibly Miriam's husband) provides support for Moses' intercession. The 'top of the hill' (רֹאשׁ הַגִּבְעָה, rosh hagiv'ah) gives oversight of battle while positioning Moses' lifted hands toward heaven. This prefigures Christ's ascension: He withdrew from earthly conflict to intercede on high.

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Historical & Cultural Context

This battle pattern—military engagement below, intercession above—became model for Israel's future warfare. Victory depended on both earthly action and divine intervention through prayer.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does Moses' intercession on the mountain picture Christ's heavenly intercession for believers?
  2. What does separation of roles (Joshua fights, Moses prays) teach about body of Christ functioning together?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 14 words
וַיַּ֣עַשׂ1 of 14

did

H6213

to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application

יְהוֹשֻׁ֗עַ2 of 14

So Joshua

H3091

jehoshua (i.e., joshua), the jewish leader

כַּֽאֲשֶׁ֤ר3 of 14
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

אָֽמַר4 of 14

had said

H559

to say (used with great latitude)

לוֹ֙5 of 14
H0
וּמֹשֶׁה֙6 of 14

and Moses

H4872

mosheh, the israelite lawgiver

לְהִלָּחֵ֖ם7 of 14

to him and fought

H3898

to feed on; figuratively, to consume

בַּֽעֲמָלֵ֑ק8 of 14

with Amalek

H6002

amalek, a descendant of esau; also his posterity and their country

וּמֹשֶׁה֙9 of 14

and Moses

H4872

mosheh, the israelite lawgiver

אַֽהֲרֹ֣ן10 of 14

Aaron

H175

aharon, the brother of moses

וְח֔וּר11 of 14

and Hur

H2354

chur, the name of four israelites and one midianite

עָל֖וּ12 of 14

went up

H5927

to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative

רֹ֥אשׁ13 of 14

to the top

H7218

the head (as most easily shaken), whether literal or figurative (in many applications, of place, time, rank, itc.)

הַגִּבְעָֽה׃14 of 14

of the hill

H1389

a hillock


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 17:10 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Exodus 17:10 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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