King James Version

What Does Exodus 1:21 Mean?

Exodus 1:21 in the King James Version says “And it came to pass, because the midwives feared God, that he made them houses. — study this verse from Exodus chapter 1 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And it came to pass, because the midwives feared God, that he made them houses.

Exodus 1:21 · KJV


Context

19

And the midwives said unto Pharaoh, Because the Hebrew women are not as the Egyptian women; for they are lively, and are delivered ere the midwives come in unto them.

20

Therefore God dealt well with the midwives: and the people multiplied, and waxed very mighty.

21

And it came to pass, because the midwives feared God, that he made them houses.

22

And Pharaoh charged all his people, saying, Every son that is born ye shall cast into the river, and every daughter ye shall save alive.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And it came to pass, because the midwives feared God, that he made them houses (וַיַּעַשׂ לָהֶם בָּתִּים, vaya'as lahem batim)—He made them houses means God gave them families/descendants, not merely physical buildings (cf. 2 Samuel 7:11, 27 where God "builds a house" for David). The Hebrew idiom "house" (בַּיִת, bayit) signifies dynasty, family lineage, posterity. This is remarkable because childless women might have feared remaining barren as midwives who defied the king's infanticide. Instead, God rewards their life-preserving work with their own enduring households. This principle echoes throughout Scripture: those who honor God in their work receive His blessing (Proverbs 3:9-10).

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

In ancient Near Eastern culture, establishing a household (family with descendants) was the highest blessing. The midwives risked their lives and potentially their social standing; God ensured their names and legacy endured. Archaeological and genealogical evidence suggests some priestly families may have descended from these midwives.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does God's reward of "houses" to the midwives encourage you when faithfulness requires sacrifice?
  2. In what areas of your life do you need to trust that honoring God will result in His blessing, even when outcomes are uncertain?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 9 words
וַיְהִ֕י1 of 9
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

כִּֽי2 of 9
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

יָרְא֥וּ3 of 9

feared

H3372

to fear; morally to revere; causatively to frighten

הַֽמְיַלְּדֹ֖ת4 of 9

And it came to pass because the midwives

H3205

to bear young; causatively, to beget; medically, to act as midwife; specifically, to show lineage

אֶת5 of 9
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

הָֽאֱלֹהִ֑ים6 of 9

God

H430

gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of

וַיַּ֥עַשׂ7 of 9

that he made

H6213

to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application

לָהֶ֖ם8 of 9
H0
בָּתִּֽים׃9 of 9

them houses

H1004

a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 1:21 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Exodus 1:21 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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