King James Version

What Does Esther 9:8 Mean?

Esther 9:8 in the King James Version says “And Poratha, and Adalia, and Aridatha, — study this verse from Esther chapter 9 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And Poratha, and Adalia, and Aridatha,

Esther 9:8 · KJV


Context

6

And in Shushan the palace the Jews slew and destroyed five hundred men.

7

And Parshandatha, and Dalphon, and Aspatha,

8

And Poratha, and Adalia, and Aridatha,

9

And Parmashta, and Arisai, and Aridai, and Vajezatha,

10

The ten sons of Haman the son of Hammedatha, the enemy of the Jews, slew they; but on the spoil laid they not their hand.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And Poratha, and Adalia, and Aridatha (וְאֵת פּוֹרָתָא וְאֵת אֲדַלְיָא וְאֵת אֲרִידָתָא)—The list continues with three more sons. Adalia (אֲדַלְיָא) possibly means 'honor of god' in Persian. The repetition of the conjunction wĕ-'ēt ('and') before each name emphasizes individual accountability—each son bore responsibility for participating in the conspiracy.

Proverbs 11:21 declares, 'the seed of the righteous shall be delivered,' while the seed of the wicked faces judgment. This principle plays out literally in Esther: Mordecai's family line is preserved and exalted, while Haman's is completely cut off. Yet even this foreshadows how God's ultimate Seed, Christ, delivers His people from Satan's genocidal hatred (Rev 12:13-17).

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

As sons of the second-most powerful man in the Persian Empire (3:1), these men would have wielded enormous influence. Their elimination was necessary to prevent future retaliation and to signal the complete reversal of Haman's anti-Jewish policy throughout the empire.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does generational faithfulness (like Mordecai's) contrast with generational rebellion (like Haman's)?
  2. What does the complete defeat of this genocidal plot reveal about God's unstoppable purposes for His people?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 6 words
וְאֵ֧ת׀1 of 6
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

פּוֹרָ֛תָא2 of 6

And Poratha

H6334

poratha, a son of haman

וְאֵ֥ת׀3 of 6
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

אֲדַלְיָ֖א4 of 6

and Adalia

H118

adalja, a son of haman

וְאֵ֥ת׀5 of 6
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

אֲרִידָֽתָא׃6 of 6

and Aridatha

H743

aridatha, a son of haman


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Esther. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Esther 9:8 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

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