King James Version

What Does Esther 9:23 Mean?

Esther 9:23 in the King James Version says “And the Jews undertook to do as they had begun, and as Mordecai had written unto them; — study this verse from Esther chapter 9 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And the Jews undertook to do as they had begun, and as Mordecai had written unto them;

Esther 9:23 · KJV


Context

21

To stablish this among them, that they should keep the fourteenth day of the month Adar, and the fifteenth day of the same, yearly ,

22

As the days wherein the Jews rested from their enemies, and the month which was turned unto them from sorrow to joy, and from mourning into a good day: that they should make them days of feasting and joy, and of sending portions one to another, and gifts to the poor.

23

And the Jews undertook to do as they had begun, and as Mordecai had written unto them;

24

Because Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, the enemy of all the Jews, had devised against the Jews to destroy them, and had cast Pur, that is, the lot, to consume them, and to destroy them; consume: Heb. crush

25

But when Esther came before the king, he commanded by letters that his wicked device, which he devised against the Jews, should return upon his own head, and that he and his sons should be hanged on the gallows. when: Heb. when she came


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And the Jews undertook to do as they had begun, and as Mordecai had written unto them; The Jewish community accepted Mordecai's instruction, committing to observe Purim permanently. The phrase "as they had begun" acknowledges the spontaneous celebrations that followed victory (v. 17-19), now formalized into regular practice. The addition "as Mordecai had written" indicates obedience to official guidance establishing specific dates, practices, and meaning. This combination of grassroots celebration and authoritative establishment created lasting observance. The community's willing acceptance demonstrated unity and recognition of Mordecai's leadership. Purim became not merely Mordecai's decree but the community's committed practice.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Ancient Jewish communities accepted new religious observances when grounded in authentic deliverance and endorsed by legitimate leadership. Purim joined Passover, Pentecost, Tabernacles, and other festivals commemorating God's redemptive acts. The dual establishment—Mordecai's written command and community acceptance—gave Purim both authority and legitimacy. Archaeological evidence shows Jewish communities throughout the ancient world observed Purim, reading Esther's scroll (Megillah), feasting, giving gifts, and celebrating. The festival's establishment demonstrates how covenant community memorializes God's faithfulness through regular observance.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does the combination of authoritative establishment and willing community acceptance create lasting observance?
  2. What does this teach about the importance of both leadership and grassroots participation in religious practice?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 11 words
וְקִבֵּל֙1 of 11

undertook

H6901

to admit, i.e., take (literally or figuratively)

הַיְּהוּדִ֔ים2 of 11

And the Jews

H3064

a jehudite (i.e., judaite or jew), or descendant of jehudah (i.e., judah)

אֵ֥ת3 of 11
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

אֲשֶׁר4 of 11
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

הֵחֵ֖לּוּ5 of 11

as they had begun

H2490

properly, to bore, i.e., (by implication) to wound, to dissolve; figuratively, to profane (a person, place or thing), to break (one's word), to begin

לַֽעֲשׂ֑וֹת6 of 11

to do

H6213

to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application

וְאֵ֛ת7 of 11
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

אֲשֶׁר8 of 11
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

כָּתַ֥ב9 of 11

had written

H3789

to grave, by implication, to write (describe, inscribe, prescribe, subscribe)

מָרְדֳּכַ֖י10 of 11

and as Mordecai

H4782

mordecai, an israelite

אֲלֵיהֶֽם׃11 of 11
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Esther. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Esther 9:23 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

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