King James Version

What Does Deuteronomy 7:20 Mean?

Deuteronomy 7:20 in the King James Version says “Moreover the LORD thy God will send the hornet among them, until they that are left, and hide themselves from thee, be d... — study this verse from Deuteronomy chapter 7 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Moreover the LORD thy God will send the hornet among them, until they that are left, and hide themselves from thee, be destroyed.

Deuteronomy 7:20 · KJV


Context

18

Thou shalt not be afraid of them: but shalt well remember what the LORD thy God did unto Pharaoh, and unto all Egypt;

19

The great temptations which thine eyes saw, and the signs, and the wonders, and the mighty hand, and the stretched out arm, whereby the LORD thy God brought thee out: so shall the LORD thy God do unto all the people of whom thou art afraid .

20

Moreover the LORD thy God will send the hornet among them, until they that are left, and hide themselves from thee, be destroyed.

21

Thou shalt not be affrighted at them: for the LORD thy God is among you, a mighty God and terrible.

22

And the LORD thy God will put out those nations before thee by little and little: thou mayest not consume them at once, lest the beasts of the field increase upon thee. put: Heb. pluck off


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The 'hornet' (tsir'ah) represents God's use of natural means and terror to accomplish His purposes. Some scholars debate whether this is literal (insects driving out inhabitants) or metaphorical (divinely-sent panic). Either way, it demonstrates God's comprehensive control over all creation—even small creatures serve His purposes. The phrase 'until they... be destroyed' shows God's thorough completion of judgment. This illustrates divine sovereignty working through both miraculous intervention and natural means. God's providence governs all things, great and small. In spiritual warfare, believers recognize that Christ has defeated Satan and evil through the cross (Colossians 2:15), and God uses various means to accomplish His sanctifying work.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Exodus 23:28 and Joshua 24:12 also mention the 'hornet,' suggesting this was a known phenomenon in Canaan's conquest. Some identify this with Egyptian military campaigns that weakened Canaan prior to Israel's arrival. Others see literal hornets/wasps driving populations from certain areas. Archaeological evidence shows some Canaanite cities were abandoned or weakened before Israel's arrival. Whether literal or metaphorical, the principle is clear: God prepared the way for Israel's conquest through means beyond their military effort.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does God use 'small' or unexpected means to accomplish His purposes in your life?
  2. What evidence do you see of God's providential preparation making way for the 'impossible' to occur?
  3. How should recognizing God's sovereignty over all creation (down to hornets) affect your trust in His control?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 12 words
וְגַם֙1 of 12
H1571

properly, assemblage; used only adverbially also, even, yea, though; often repeated as correl. both...and

אֶת2 of 12
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

הַצִּרְעָ֔ה3 of 12

the hornet

H6880

a wasp (as stinging)

יְשַׁלַּ֛ח4 of 12

will send

H7971

to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)

יְהוָ֥ה5 of 12

Moreover the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ6 of 12

thy God

H430

gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of

בָּ֑ם7 of 12
H0
עַד8 of 12
H5704

as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)

אֲבֹ֗ד9 of 12

thee be destroyed

H6

properly, to wander away, i.e., lose oneself; by implication to perish (causative, destroy)

הַנִּשְׁאָרִ֛ים10 of 12

among them until they that are left

H7604

properly, to swell up, i.e., be (causatively, make) redundant

וְהַנִּסְתָּרִ֖ים11 of 12

and hide

H5641

to hide (by covering), literally or figuratively

מִפָּנֶֽיךָ׃12 of 12

themselves from

H6440

the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Deuteronomy. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Deuteronomy 7:20 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Deuteronomy 7:20 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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