King James Version

What Does Deuteronomy 20:15 Mean?

Deuteronomy 20:15 in the King James Version says “Thus shalt thou do unto all the cities which are very far off from thee, which are not of the cities of these nations. — study this verse from Deuteronomy chapter 20 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Thus shalt thou do unto all the cities which are very far off from thee, which are not of the cities of these nations.

Deuteronomy 20:15 · KJV


Context

13

And when the LORD thy God hath delivered it into thine hands, thou shalt smite every male thereof with the edge of the sword:

14

But the women, and the little ones, and the cattle, and all that is in the city, even all the spoil thereof, shalt thou take unto thyself; and thou shalt eat the spoil of thine enemies, which the LORD thy God hath given thee. take: Heb. spoil

15

Thus shalt thou do unto all the cities which are very far off from thee, which are not of the cities of these nations.

16

But of the cities of these people, which the LORD thy God doth give thee for an inheritance, thou shalt save alive nothing that breatheth:

17

But thou shalt utterly destroy them; namely, the Hittites, and the Amorites, the Canaanites, and the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites; as the LORD thy God hath commanded thee:


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Thus shalt thou do unto all the cities which are very far off from thee, which are not of the cities of these nations—This verse distinguishes warfare categories: very far off (distant, non-Canaanite) versus these nations (the seven Canaanite peoples, Deuteronomy 7:1). Distant cities receive peace offers and mercy if they surrender; Canaanite cities face total herem (next verses) because their proximity threatens Israel's covenant fidelity through idolatrous influence.

Proximity determines danger—not ethnicity but spiritual contagion risk. Paul warns: Evil communications corrupt good manners (1 Corinthians 15:33). The principle applies spiritually: Come out from among them, and be ye separate (2 Corinthians 6:17). We engage distant culture (missions, evangelism) but guard against intimate spiritual compromise (close fellowship with unbelief). Jesus ate with sinners (evangelism) but didn't adopt their practices (sanctification).

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Historical & Cultural Context

Israel's geographical position between Egypt and Mesopotamia meant frequent interaction with distant empires (Assyria, Babylon, Persia). God's law permitted peaceful relations with distant nations while requiring complete separation from neighboring Canaanites whose religious practices posed immediate, daily temptation.

Reflection Questions

  1. How do you distinguish 'distant' engagement (missions, evangelism) from 'neighboring' compromise (intimate fellowship with unbelief)?
  2. What modern 'Canaanite' influences (entertainment, relationships, philosophies) are dangerously 'near' and require radical separation?
  3. How did Jesus model engaging sinners (distant) while maintaining holiness (separation from sin)?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 13 words
כֵּ֤ן1 of 13
H3651

properly, set upright; hence (figuratively as adjective) just; but usually (as adverb or conjunction) rightly or so (in various applications to manner

תַּֽעֲשֶׂה֙2 of 13

Thus shalt thou do

H6213

to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application

לְכָל3 of 13
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

מֵעָרֵ֥י4 of 13

are not of the cities

H5892

a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)

הָֽרְחֹקֹ֥ת5 of 13

far off

H7350

remote, literally or figuratively, of place or time; specifically, precious; often used adverbially (with preposition)

מִמְּךָ֖6 of 13
H4480

properly, a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses

מְאֹ֑ד7 of 13

which are very

H3966

properly, vehemence, i.e., (with or without preposition) vehemently; by implication, wholly, speedily, etc. (often with other words as an intensive or

אֲשֶׁ֛ר8 of 13
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

לֹֽא9 of 13
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

מֵעָרֵ֥י10 of 13

are not of the cities

H5892

a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)

הַגּֽוֹיִם11 of 13

of these nations

H1471

a foreign nation; hence, a gentile; also (figuratively) a troop of animals, or a flight of locusts

הָאֵ֖לֶּה12 of 13
H428

these or those

הֵֽנָּה׃13 of 13

from thee which

H2007

themselves (often used emphatic for the copula, also in indirect relation)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Deuteronomy. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Deuteronomy 20:15 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

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