King James Version

What Does Deuteronomy 10:16 Mean?

Deuteronomy 10:16 in the King James Version says “Circumcise therefore the foreskin of your heart, and be no more stiffnecked . — study this verse from Deuteronomy chapter 10 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Circumcise therefore the foreskin of your heart, and be no more stiffnecked .

Deuteronomy 10:16 · KJV


Context

14

Behold, the heaven and the heaven of heavens is the LORD'S thy God, the earth also, with all that therein is.

15

Only the LORD had a delight in thy fathers to love them, and he chose their seed after them, even you above all people, as it is this day.

16

Circumcise therefore the foreskin of your heart, and be no more stiffnecked .

17

For the LORD your God is God of gods, and Lord of lords, a great God, a mighty, and a terrible, which regardeth not persons, nor taketh reward:

18

He doth execute the judgment of the fatherless and widow, and loveth the stranger, in giving him food and raiment.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Circumcise therefore the foreskin of your heart—The Hebrew phrase orlat levavkem (foreskin of your heart) transforms the covenant sign into a metaphor for spiritual renewal. Physical circumcision marked covenant membership (Genesis 17:10-14), but Moses demands heart transformation—the removal of obstinacy and receptivity to God's word. Be no more stiffnecked (qesheh-oref, hard of neck) recalls the golden calf rebellion (9:6, 13).

Jeremiah 4:4 and Ezekiel 36:26 expand this call, promising that God Himself will circumcise hearts—spiritual regeneration as divine work. Paul contrasts outward circumcision with circumcision 'of the heart, in the spirit' (Romans 2:28-29), fulfilled through Christ. Colossians 2:11 declares believers receive 'the circumcision of Christ'—the new birth that removes the sinful nature. Moses anticipates the New Covenant's transformation.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Moses preached this to the exodus generation's children (1406 BC) who witnessed their parents' unbelief and 40 years of wilderness wandering. The call to heart circumcision addressed the persistent rebellion Moses knew characterized Israel's history.

Reflection Questions

  1. What 'stiffnecked' areas of your life resist God's authority, and how does Ezekiel 36:26 address this?
  2. How does Paul's identification of Christ's death as 'circumcision of the heart' (Colossians 2:11) give confidence in sanctification?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 8 words
וּמַלְתֶּ֕ם1 of 8

Circumcise

H4135

to cut short, i.e., curtail (specifically the prepuce, i.e., to circumcise); by implication, to blunt; figuratively, to destroy

אֵ֖ת2 of 8
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

עָרְלַ֣ת3 of 8

therefore the foreskin

H6190

the prepuce

לְבַבְכֶ֑ם4 of 8

of your heart

H3824

the heart (as the most interior organ)

וְעָ֨רְפְּכֶ֔ם5 of 8

and be no more stiffnecked

H6203

the nape or back of the neck (as declining); hence, the back generally (whether literal or figurative)

לֹ֥א6 of 8
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

תַקְשׁ֖וּ7 of 8
H7185

properly, to be dense, i.e., tough or severe (in various applications)

עֽוֹד׃8 of 8
H5750

properly, iteration or continuance; used only adverbially (with or without preposition), again, repeatedly, still, more


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Deuteronomy. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Deuteronomy 10:16 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Deuteronomy 10:16 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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