King James Version

What Does Amos 3:15 Mean?

Amos 3:15 in the King James Version says “And I will smite the winter house with the summer house; and the houses of ivory shall perish, and the great houses shal... — study this verse from Amos chapter 3 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And I will smite the winter house with the summer house; and the houses of ivory shall perish, and the great houses shall have an end, saith the LORD.

Amos 3:15 · KJV


Context

13

Hear ye, and testify in the house of Jacob, saith the Lord GOD, the God of hosts,

14

That in the day that I shall visit the transgressions of Israel upon him I will also visit the altars of Bethel: and the horns of the altar shall be cut off, and fall to the ground. visit: or, punish Israel for

15

And I will smite the winter house with the summer house; and the houses of ivory shall perish, and the great houses shall have an end, saith the LORD.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
I will smite the winter house with the summer house (וְהִכֵּיתִי בֵית־הַחֹרֶף עַל־בֵּית הַקָּיִץ, v'hikeiti beit-hachoref al-beit hakayitz)—The wealthy maintained separate residences for different seasons; winter houses were typically in valleys, summer houses on cool heights. God will strike both simultaneously. The houses of ivory shall perish (וְאָבְדוּ בָּתֵּי הַשֵּׁן, v'avdu batei hashen, literally 'houses of tooth/ivory')—ivory inlays represented extreme luxury (1 Kings 22:39 mentions Ahab's ivory house). The great houses shall have an end (וְסָפוּ בָּתִּים רַבִּים, v'safu batim rabim)—utter destruction.

This passage condemns not wealth itself but wealth gained through oppression (Amos 3:10) and maintained through indifference to poverty (Amos 6:4-6). Jesus echoed this in the parable of the rich fool (Luke 12:16-21)—accumulated luxury without God is death. Archaeological excavations at Samaria confirm extensive ivory decorations, fulfilling this prophecy's specificity.

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Historical & Cultural Context

The Northern Kingdom's aristocracy lived in unprecedented luxury during Jeroboam II's reign. Ivory fragments discovered at Samaria (1931-1935 excavations) confirm palace opulence. When Assyria conquered in 722 BC, these houses were destroyed—the wealthy who trusted in comfort experienced the judgment they'd ignored.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does having multiple homes or excessive luxury while others suffer represent covenant unfaithfulness?
  2. What 'houses of ivory'—symbols of accumulated comfort—might blind Christians today to injustice and coming judgment?
  3. How can believers hold wealth and possessions with open hands, recognizing they belong to God and will not endure?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 14 words
וְהִכֵּיתִ֥י1 of 14

And I will smite

H5221

to strike (lightly or severely, literally or figuratively)

בָּתִּ֥ים2 of 14

and the houses

H1004

a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)

הַחֹ֖רֶף3 of 14

the winter

H2779

properly, the crop gathered, i.e., (by implication) the autumn (and winter) season; figuratively, ripeness of age

עַל4 of 14
H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

בָּתִּ֥ים5 of 14

and the houses

H1004

a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)

הַקָּ֑יִץ6 of 14

with the summer

H7019

harvest (as the crop), whether the product (grain or fruit) or the (dry) season

וְאָבְד֞וּ7 of 14

shall perish

H6

properly, to wander away, i.e., lose oneself; by implication to perish (causative, destroy)

בָּתִּ֥ים8 of 14

and the houses

H1004

a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)

הַשֵּׁ֗ן9 of 14

of ivory

H8127

a tooth (as sharp); specifically ivory; figuratively, a cliff

וְסָפ֛וּ10 of 14

shall have an end

H5486

to snatch away, i.e., terminate

בָּתִּ֥ים11 of 14

and the houses

H1004

a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)

רַבִּ֖ים12 of 14

and the great

H7227

abundant (in quantity, size, age, number, rank, quality)

נְאֻם13 of 14

saith

H5002

an oracle

יְהוָֽה׃14 of 14

the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Amos. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Amos 3:15 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Amos 3:15 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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