King James Version

What Does 2 Samuel 23:15 Mean?

2 Samuel 23:15 in the King James Version says “And David longed, and said, Oh that one would give me drink of the water of the well of Bethlehem, which is by the gate! — study this verse from 2 Samuel chapter 23 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And David longed, and said, Oh that one would give me drink of the water of the well of Bethlehem, which is by the gate!

2 Samuel 23:15 · King James Version


Context

13

And three of the thirty chief went down, and came to David in the harvest time unto the cave of Adullam: and the troop of the Philistines pitched in the valley of Rephaim. three: or, the three captains over the thirty

14

And David was then in an hold, and the garrison of the Philistines was then in Bethlehem.

15

And David longed, and said, Oh that one would give me drink of the water of the well of Bethlehem, which is by the gate!

16

And the three mighty men brake through the host of the Philistines, and drew water out of the well of Bethlehem, that was by the gate, and took it, and brought it to David: nevertheless he would not drink thereof, but poured it out unto the LORD.

17

And he said, Be it far from me, O LORD, that I should do this: is not this the blood of the men that went in jeopardy of their lives? therefore he would not drink it. These things did these three mighty men.


Commentaries4 scholars

KJV Study CommentaryPublic Domain
And David longed, and said, Oh that one would give me drink of the water of the well of Beth-lehem, which is by the gate!

This verse contributes to the narrative of Last Words and Mighty Men, emphasizing legacy, faithful servants. David's last words emphasize the eternal covenant God established (v. 5) and declare principles of righteous rule. The accounts of David's mighty men demonstrate extraordinary courage and devotion. The water-drawing incident reveals David's unwillingness to value his comfort above his soldiers' lives. Theological themes include the importance of final testimonies, the eternal nature of God's covenant, the value of faithful servants, and the necessity of sacrificial leadership.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The historical setting of 2 Samuel 23 occurs during David's reign (circa 1010-970 BCE) over Israel's united monarchy. Archaeological discoveries, including the Tel Dan inscription mentioning the 'House of David,' corroborate biblical historicity. Ancient Near Eastern customs regarding legacy, faithful servants provide crucial background. The geopolitical situation involved regional powers—Philistines, Ammonites, Arameans, Moabites, Edomites—as David consolidated and expanded Israel's territory. Cultural practices concerning kingship, warfare, covenant relationships, family dynamics, and religious observance differed significantly from modern Western contexts, requiring careful attention to avoid anachronistic interpretation while extracting timeless theological principles applicable across cultures and eras.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does this passage deepen your understanding of legacy, faithful servants?
  2. What does this verse reveal about God's character, and how should that shape your worship and obedience?
  3. In what specific ways can you apply this truth to your current circumstances and relationships this week?

Compare 4 commentaries from different scholars and time periods for a richer understanding.


Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 11 words
וַיִּתְאַוֶּ֥ה1 of 11

longed

H183

to wish for

דָוִ֖ד2 of 11

And David

H1732

david, the youngest son of jesse

וַיֹּאמַ֑ר3 of 11

and said

H559

to say (used with great latitude)

מִ֚י4 of 11
H4310

who? (occasionally, by a peculiar idiom, of things); also (indefinitely) whoever; often used in oblique construction with prefix or suffix

יַשְׁקֵ֣נִי5 of 11

Oh that one would give me drink

H8248

to quaff, i.e., (causatively) to irrigate or furnish a potion to

מַ֔יִם6 of 11

of the water

H4325

water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen

מִבֹּ֥אר7 of 11

of the well

H953

a pit hole (especially one used as a cistern or a prison)

בֵּֽית8 of 11
H0
לֶ֖חֶם9 of 11

of Bethlehem

H1035

beth-lechem, a place in palestine

אֲשֶׁ֥ר10 of 11
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

בַּשָּֽׁעַר׃11 of 11

which is by the gate

H8179

an opening, i.e., door or gate


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 2 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

2 Samuel 23:15 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 2 Samuel 23:15 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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