King James Version

What Does 2 Samuel 23:14 Mean?

2 Samuel 23:14 in the King James Version says “And David was then in an hold, and the garrison of the Philistines was then in Bethlehem. — study this verse from 2 Samuel chapter 23 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And David was then in an hold, and the garrison of the Philistines was then in Bethlehem.

2 Samuel 23:14 · KJV


Context

12

But he stood in the midst of the ground, and defended it, and slew the Philistines: and the LORD wrought a great victory.

13

And three of the thirty chief went down, and came to David in the harvest time unto the cave of Adullam: and the troop of the Philistines pitched in the valley of Rephaim. three: or, the three captains over the thirty

14

And David was then in an hold, and the garrison of the Philistines was then in Bethlehem.

15

And David longed, and said, Oh that one would give me drink of the water of the well of Bethlehem, which is by the gate!

16

And the three mighty men brake through the host of the Philistines, and drew water out of the well of Bethlehem, that was by the gate, and took it, and brought it to David: nevertheless he would not drink thereof, but poured it out unto the LORD.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And David was then in an hold, and the garrison of the Philistines was then in Beth-lehem.

This verse contributes to the narrative of Last Words and Mighty Men, emphasizing legacy, faithful servants. David's last words emphasize the eternal covenant God established (v. 5) and declare principles of righteous rule. The accounts of David's mighty men demonstrate extraordinary courage and devotion. The water-drawing incident reveals David's unwillingness to value his comfort above his soldiers' lives. Theological themes include the importance of final testimonies, the eternal nature of God's covenant, the value of faithful servants, and the necessity of sacrificial leadership.

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Historical & Cultural Context

The historical setting of 2 Samuel 23 occurs during David's reign (circa 1010-970 BCE) over Israel's united monarchy. Archaeological discoveries, including the Tel Dan inscription mentioning the 'House of David,' corroborate biblical historicity. Ancient Near Eastern customs regarding legacy, faithful servants provide crucial background. The geopolitical situation involved regional powers—Philistines, Ammonites, Arameans, Moabites, Edomites—as David consolidated and expanded Israel's territory. Cultural practices concerning kingship, warfare, covenant relationships, family dynamics, and religious observance differed significantly from modern Western contexts, requiring careful attention to avoid anachronistic interpretation while extracting timeless theological principles applicable across cultures and eras.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does this passage deepen your understanding of legacy, faithful servants?
  2. What does this verse reveal about God's character, and how should that shape your worship and obedience?
  3. In what specific ways can you apply this truth to your current circumstances and relationships this week?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 8 words
וְדָוִ֖ד1 of 8

And David

H1732

david, the youngest son of jesse

אָ֣ז2 of 8
H227

at that time or place; also as a conjunction, therefore

בַּמְּצוּדָ֑ה3 of 8

was then in an hold

H4686

a fastness

וּמַצַּ֣ב4 of 8

and the garrison

H4673

a fixed spot; figuratively, an office, a military post

פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים5 of 8

of the Philistines

H6430

a pelishtite or inhabitant of pelesheth

אָ֖ז6 of 8
H227

at that time or place; also as a conjunction, therefore

בֵּ֥ית7 of 8
H0
לָֽחֶם׃8 of 8

was then in Bethlehem

H1035

beth-lechem, a place in palestine


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 2 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

2 Samuel 23:14 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 2 Samuel 23:14 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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