King James Version

What Does 2 Samuel 22:19 Mean?

2 Samuel 22:19 in the King James Version says “They prevented me in the day of my calamity: but the LORD was my stay. — study this verse from 2 Samuel chapter 22 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

They prevented me in the day of my calamity: but the LORD was my stay.

2 Samuel 22:19 · KJV


Context

17

He sent from above, he took me; he drew me out of many waters; many: or, great

18

He delivered me from my strong enemy, and from them that hated me: for they were too strong for me.

19

They prevented me in the day of my calamity: but the LORD was my stay.

20

He brought me forth also into a large place: he delivered me, because he delighted in me.

21

The LORD rewarded me according to my righteousness: according to the cleanness of my hands hath he recompensed me.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
They prevented me in the day of my calamity: but the LORD was my stay.

This verse contributes to the narrative of David's Song, emphasizing praising God for deliverance. David's psalm of deliverance (parallel to Psalm 18) celebrates God's faithfulness throughout his tumultuous reign. The Hebrew poetry employs vivid imagery of divine intervention, warrior language, and covenant terminology. Theological themes include praising God for deliverance, reviewing God's faithfulness in retrospect, the righteousness of God's judgments, and anticipation of ultimate victory through God's anointed (messianic overtones).

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Historical & Cultural Context

The historical setting of 2 Samuel 22 occurs during David's reign (circa 1010-970 BCE) over Israel's united monarchy. Archaeological discoveries, including the Tel Dan inscription mentioning the 'House of David,' corroborate biblical historicity. Ancient Near Eastern customs regarding praising God for deliverance provide crucial background. The geopolitical situation involved regional powers—Philistines, Ammonites, Arameans, Moabites, Edomites—as David consolidated and expanded Israel's territory. Cultural practices concerning kingship, warfare, covenant relationships, family dynamics, and religious observance differed significantly from modern Western contexts, requiring careful attention to avoid anachronistic interpretation while extracting timeless theological principles applicable across cultures and eras.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does this passage deepen your understanding of praising God for deliverance?
  2. What does this verse reveal about God's character, and how should that shape your worship and obedience?
  3. In what specific ways can you apply this truth to your current circumstances and relationships this week?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 7 words
יְקַדְּמֻ֖נִי1 of 7

They prevented

H6923

to project (one self), i.e., precede; hence, to anticipate, hasten, meet (usually for help)

בְּי֣וֹם2 of 7

me in the day

H3117

a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso

אֵידִ֑י3 of 7

of my calamity

H343

oppression; by implication misfortune, ruin

וַיְהִ֧י4 of 7
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

יְהוָ֛ה5 of 7

but the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

מִשְׁעָ֖ן6 of 7

was my stay

H4937

a support (concretely), i.e., (figuratively) a protector or sustenance

לִֽי׃7 of 7
H0

Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 2 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

2 Samuel 22:19 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 2 Samuel 22:19 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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