King James Version

What Does 2 Chronicles 33:12 Mean?

2 Chronicles 33:12 in the King James Version says “And when he was in affliction, he besought the LORD his God, and humbled himself greatly before the God of his fathers, — study this verse from 2 Chronicles chapter 33 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And when he was in affliction, he besought the LORD his God, and humbled himself greatly before the God of his fathers,

2 Chronicles 33:12 · KJV


Context

10

And the LORD spake to Manasseh, and to his people: but they would not hearken.

11

Wherefore the LORD brought upon them the captains of the host of the king of Assyria, which took Manasseh among the thorns, and bound him with fetters, and carried him to Babylon. of the king: Heb. which were the king's fetters: or, chains

12

And when he was in affliction, he besought the LORD his God, and humbled himself greatly before the God of his fathers,

13

And prayed unto him: and he was intreated of him, and heard his supplication, and brought him again to Jerusalem into his kingdom. Then Manasseh knew that the LORD he was God.

14

Now after this he built a wall without the city of David, on the west side of Gihon, in the valley, even to the entering in at the fish gate, and compassed about Ophel, and raised it up a very great height, and put captains of war in all the fenced cities of Judah. Ophel: or, the tower


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Wicked King Manasseh's repentance demonstrates amazing grace: 'And when he was in affliction, he besought the LORD his God, and humbled himself greatly before the God of his fathers.' Manasseh was Judah's worst king - promoting child sacrifice, occult practices, and temple desecration (33:2-9). Yet affliction (Assyrian captivity) drove him to repentance. The verb 'humbled himself greatly' (kana me'od) suggests profound contrition. God's response - hearing, restoring him to Jerusalem, and accepting his repentance (33:13) - showcases sovereign grace extending even to the vilest offenders. This anticipates the gospel truth that no sinner is beyond redemption in Christ.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Manasseh's 55-year reign (c. 697-642 BCE) was Judah's longest but most wicked. His Assyrian captivity (mentioned here but not in 2 Kings) occurred mid-reign, producing genuine conversion that led to reforms (33:15-16), though not reversing the nation's downward trajectory toward exile.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does Manasseh's extreme wickedness followed by genuine repentance encourage hope for those you consider 'too far gone'?
  2. What role does affliction play in driving people to humble themselves before God?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 12 words
וּכְהָצֵ֣ר1 of 12

And when he was in affliction

H6887

to cramp, literally or figuratively, transitive or intransitive

ל֔וֹ2 of 12
H0
חִלָּ֕ה3 of 12

he besought

H2470

properly, to be rubbed or worn; hence (figuratively) to stroke (in flattering), entreat

אֶת4 of 12
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

מִלִּפְנֵ֖י5 of 12

before

H6440

the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi

יְהוָ֣ה6 of 12

the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

אֱלֹהֵ֥י7 of 12

his God

H430

gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of

וַיִּכָּנַ֣ע8 of 12

and humbled

H3665

properly, to bend the knee; hence, to humiliate, vanquish

מְאֹ֔ד9 of 12

himself greatly

H3966

properly, vehemence, i.e., (with or without preposition) vehemently; by implication, wholly, speedily, etc. (often with other words as an intensive or

מִלִּפְנֵ֖י10 of 12

before

H6440

the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi

אֱלֹהֵ֥י11 of 12

his God

H430

gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of

אֲבֹתָֽיו׃12 of 12

of his fathers

H1

father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 2 Chronicles. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

2 Chronicles 33:12 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 2 Chronicles 33:12 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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