King James Version

What Does 1 Samuel 7:4 Mean?

1 Samuel 7:4 in the King James Version says “Then the children of Israel did put away Baalim and Ashtaroth, and served the LORD only. — study this verse from 1 Samuel chapter 7 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Then the children of Israel did put away Baalim and Ashtaroth, and served the LORD only.

1 Samuel 7:4 · KJV


Context

2

And it came to pass, while the ark abode in Kirjathjearim, that the time was long; for it was twenty years: and all the house of Israel lamented after the LORD.

3

And Samuel spake unto all the house of Israel, saying, If ye do return unto the LORD with all your hearts, then put away the strange gods and Ashtaroth from among you, and prepare your hearts unto the LORD, and serve him only: and he will deliver you out of the hand of the Philistines.

4

Then the children of Israel did put away Baalim and Ashtaroth, and served the LORD only.

5

And Samuel said, Gather all Israel to Mizpeh, and I will pray for you unto the LORD.

6

And they gathered together to Mizpeh, and drew water, and poured it out before the LORD, and fasted on that day, and said there, We have sinned against the LORD. And Samuel judged the children of Israel in Mizpeh.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Then the children of Israel did put away Baalim and Ashtaroth, and served the LORD only.

Israel's response demonstrates genuine repentance through concrete action. The plural 'Baalim' (the Baals) and 'Ashtaroth' (the Ashtoreths) suggest multiple local manifestations of these deities had infiltrated Israelite worship. Their removal represented decisive rejection of syncretism - no more hedging bets between Yahweh and Canaanite gods. The phrase 'served the LORD only' ('levaddo', exclusively, alone) fulfills Samuel's demand for undivided allegiance. This wholehearted response contrasts sharply with the half-hearted reforms that characterized much of Israel's history. The brevity of the verse belies its significance - after twenty years of lamentation, Israel finally acted. True repentance moves beyond emotional sorrow to practical obedience. The stage was now set for divine deliverance, but not before a final test of faith.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Baal worship involved agricultural fertility rituals, sacred prostitution, and sometimes child sacrifice. Archaeological excavations have uncovered numerous Baal and Asherah figurines in Israelite settlements, confirming widespread syncretism. The removal of these idols likely involved both private household purging and destruction of local high places.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does it mean practically to serve the LORD 'only' in a culture offering many competing allegiances?
  2. How does decisive action demonstrate the genuineness of repentance?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 11 words
וַיָּסִ֙ירוּ֙1 of 11

did put away

H5493

to turn off (literally or figuratively)

בְּנֵ֣י2 of 11

Then the children

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל3 of 11

of Israel

H3478

he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity

אֶת4 of 11
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

הַבְּעָלִ֖ים5 of 11

Baalim

H1168

baal, a phoenician deity

וְאֶת6 of 11
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

הָֽעַשְׁתָּרֹ֑ת7 of 11

and Ashtaroth

H6252

ashtaroth, the name of a sidonian deity, and of a place east of the jordan

וַיַּֽעַבְד֥וּ8 of 11

and served

H5647

to work (in any sense); by implication, to serve, till, (causatively) enslave, etc

אֶת9 of 11
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

יְהוָ֖ה10 of 11

the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

לְבַדּֽוֹ׃11 of 11
H905

properly, separation; by implication, a part of the body, branch of a tree, bar for carrying; figuratively, chief of a city; especially (with preposit


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Samuel 7:4 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Samuel 7:4 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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